Incidence of Daytime Sleepiness and Associated Factors in Two First Nations Communities in Saskatchewan, Canada

Abstract

Previous studies have reported a shift in the timing of sleep during adolescence toward a later time. To date, it is unclear whether hormonal changes during puberty might contribute to this change in sleeping behavior. We systematically assessed pubertal development and sleep timing in a cross-sectional case-control study in girls with precocious (n = 42) and boys with delayed pubertal development (n = 19). We used the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire and the Children's ChronoType Questionnaire to assess sleep timing in patients and age-and sex-matched controls (n = 309) and used the midpoint of sleep on free days, corrected for potential sleep debt accumulated during the school week, as a marker for sleep timing. Compared to the controls, girls with central precocious puberty showed a delay in sleep timing of 54 min, and girls with premature pubarche slept on average 30 min later. Male adolescents with delayed pubertal development showed an average sleep midpoint that was 40 min earlier compared to the control group. The results of this pilot study suggest an association between pubertal onset and shifts in sleep timing, which is a novel finding in human sleep behavior. Prospective studies in larger cohorts will be needed to examine the robustness and generalizability of the findings.

Towards A Socioeconomic Model of Sleep Health among the Canadian Population: A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Age, Income, Employment, Education, Social Class, Socioeconomic Status and Sleep Disparities

“…Nineteen studies [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] were included and covered the last two decades, with the oldest published in 2001 [ 29 ] and the newest in 2020 [ 44 ]. As shown in Table 2 , among the 19 studies, 16 were cross-sectional studies [ 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] and three were longitudinal studies [ 27 , 36 , 38 ]. Six studies [ 26 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 42 , 43 ] have only children and/or adolescents as participants, whereas 12 studies [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ,…”

“…As shown in Table 2 , among the 19 studies, 16 were cross-sectional studies [ 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] and three were longitudinal studies [ 27 , 36 , 38 ]. Six studies [ 26 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 42 , 43 ] have only children and/or adolescents as participants, whereas 12 studies [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 44 ] have only adult participants and one study [ 37 ] has both types of participants. Ages ranged from 2 months [ 43 ] to 85 years old [ 40 ].…”

“…Parents with higher social capital tended to have children with fewer sleep disturbances, than parents with lower social capital [ 34 ]. One longitudinal study showed an association between incidence of subjective EDS and having a house in need of repairs [ 27 ].…”

Association between Co-Morbidities and the Prevalence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness over a Four-Year Period

“…Of the 358 participants with both Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measurements, 317 who did not have EDS at baseline and 41 did have EDS at baseline. There were 24 subjects with EDS at follow-up (Cycle 2) who had no EDS at baseline survey (Cycle 1) [ 29 ]. The incidence was 24/317 = 7.6% [ 29 ].…”

“…There were 24 subjects with EDS at follow-up (Cycle 2) who had no EDS at baseline survey (Cycle 1) [ 29 ]. The incidence was 24/317 = 7.6% [ 29 ]. The average age of participants during Cycle 1 was 35.2 years, with a standard deviation of 14.1 years, ranging from 18 to 81 years, with 49% of males at baseline (Cycle 1).…”