Incidence of difficult intubation in patients undergoing thyroid gland reoperation due to bleeding or haematoma

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia and related complications

“…Reoperation has high complication rates compared to the first surgical procedure. The main indications for reoperation are: resection of the thyroid remnant in cancer patients; recurrent thyroid carcinoma; tumor recurrence in recurrent chain lymph nodes; recurrent goiter in symptomatic patients; recurrent thyrotoxicosis; and aesthetics (Dobrinja et al, 2021;Jukic, 2017;Kazaure et al, 2021;H. K. Kim, Ha, Han, Lee, & Soh, 2020;Margolick, Chen, & Wiseman, 2018;Semrad, Keegan, Semrad, Brunson, & Farwell, 2018).…”

“…The incidence of transient hypocalcemia varies from 3.0% to 44.1% and that of permanent hypocalcemia, from 0.0% to 11.0%. According to several studies, reoperation increases the risk of iatrogenic injury to the parathyroids by ten times (Dobrinja et al, 2021;Jukic, 2017;Kazaure et al, 2021;H. K. Kim et al, 2020;Margolick et al, 2018;Semrad et al, 2018).…”

“…Inflammatory process, bleeding, tissue friability and adhesion of structures are factors that make reoperation technically more difficult and with higher rates of complications. Therefore, it should be performed in the first postoperative days, still during the same hospitalization, or three to four months later (Dobrinja et al, 2021;Jukic, 2017;Kazaure et al, 2021;H. K. Kim et al, 2020;Margolick et al, 2018;Semrad et al, 2018).…”