Incidence of Down’s Syndrome With Demographic and Chromosomal Pattern in Odisha

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To study the age, birth order, consanguinity marriage, reproductive history, demographic pattern of parents and chromosomal pattern of the Down's syndrome (DS) patients of Odisha population coming to the different medical colleges of Odisha. METHODOLOGY: Detailed history of the parents was taken by questioners and the DS patients were examined by inkpad technique and chromosomal analysis methods. RESULT: DS more often affects the first and second order births of parents each comprising of 38%. Consanguinity marriage results 46% of DS cases. Ninety percent of DS children were born to mothers of age less than 30 years and 52% of DS were born to father less 30 years of age. There is a high frequency of spontaneous abortion (22%) and still birth (6%) in mothers of DS. Highest incidence (94%) of DS was seen in urban area with working in industry as the occupation of the parents (42%). In karyotypic analysis of DS patients primary trisomy, Mosaic Trisomy, Primary amenorrhea and translocation were 78%, 12%, 6% and 4% respectively. CONCLUSION: There is an increase incidence of DS at lower age group of parents. It is tempting to speculate that, the difference in clinical features, abnormal dermatoglyphic patterns etc, are related to the genetic constitution of the Down's syndrome individuals.

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