Incidence of fatalities of road traffic accidents associated with alcohol consumption and the use of psychoactive drugs: A 7-year survey�(2011-2017)

Papalimperi, Athanasia H.; Athanaselis, Sotirios; Mina, Areti; Papoutsis, Ioannis; Spiliopoulou, Chara; Papadodima, Stavroula

doi:10.3892/etm.2019.7787

Cited by 41 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Studies on the role of ethanol in road traffic accidents indicate that ethanol is a factor that has a significant influence on their occurrence and effects. The problem of drink-driving is the most commonly discussed, although alcohol is a documented risk factor also for pedestrian accidents, and intoxicated pedestrians pose a potential risk to themselves and other road users [30,31,32,33]. Even low concentrations of ethanol cause visual-motor coordination disorders, speech impairment, delayed reaction times, problems with balance and self-control of one's behaviour.…”

Section: Risky Behaviour Under the Influence Of Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethanol as a stimulus to risky and auto-aggressive behaviour

Lasota¹,

Pawłowski²,

Mirowska‐Guzel³

et al. 2021

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ethyl alcohol occupies the third place among health risks for the general population, causing damage to health as well as social damage. Ethanol is also considered the greatest risk factor in injuries. Both alcohol and its main metabolite, acetaldehyde, are directly toxic to tissues and lead to several systemic pathologies. Alcohol abuse may also lead to mental health disorders. Although one-in-eight adult Poles abstains from drinking alkohol, 10-20% of adult Poles drink alcohol regularly. It is estimated that this group includes about 900,000 addicts, and over 2,000,000 people who drink alcohol at a risky or harmful level. It affects their occurrence and their consequences Drinkdriving is one of the problems most often raised, although alcohol is a documented risk factor in pedestrian accidents. It is also an important risk factor for suicidal behaviour with people under the influence of alcohol choosing more radical and effective methods of committing suicide, such as hanging or 'throwing themselves under a moving vehicle.' Only properly selected and consistently taken preventive actions can improve the tragic statistics related to ethanol stimulating risky and auto-aggressive behaviours. It is also necessary to improve the system for reporting such events because only reliable statistics enable proper assessment of the scale of the problem, and the effectiveness of these activities.

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Section: Risky Behaviour Under the Influence Of Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the sobriety threshold is 0.19‰ and the value of 0.2‰ is an offence. At this point, it should be noted that the "intoxication" of pedestrians does not give rise to legal liability, although it also poses a serious threat to road safety [30,31,32,33].…”

Section: Risky Behaviour Under the Influence Of Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol as a stimulus to risky and auto-aggressive behaviour

Lasota¹,

Pawłowski²,

Mirowska‐Guzel³

et al. 2021

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…Among the alcohol-associated disorders, those affecting the nervous system can lead to fatal consequence such as traffic injuries [47], suicide [48,49], and interpersonal violence [50]. Furthermore, recent studies have associated alcohol abuse with many On the other hand, as clearly shown in Figure 8 (panel B), ZO-1 cellular distribution was severely altered after 1 h even at lower concentrations (50 and 75 mM) in comparison with control group where a ZO-1 continuous distribution at the cell-cell borders was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment: An In Vitro Study

Carrino

Branca

Becatti

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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In recent years, alcohol abuse has dramatically grown with deleterious consequence for people’s health and, in turn, for health care costs. It has been demonstrated, in humans and animals, that alcohol intoxication induces neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration thus leading to brain impairments. Furthermore, it has been shown that alcohol consumption is able to impair the blood–brain barrier (BBB), but the molecular mechanisms underlining this detrimental effect have not been fully elucidated. For this reason, in this study we investigated the effects of alcohol exposure on a rat brain endothelial (RBE4) cell line, as an in vitro-validated model of brain microvascular endothelial cells. To assess whether alcohol caused a concentration-related response, the cells were treated at different times with increasing concentrations (10–1713 mM) of ethyl alcohol (EtOH). Microscopic and molecular techniques, such as cell viability assay, immunofluorescence and Western blotting, were used to examine the mechanisms involved in alcohol-induced brain endothelial cell alterations including tight junction distribution, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species production. Our findings clearly demonstrate that alcohol causes the formation of gaps between cells by tight junction disassembly, triggered by the endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress, highlighted by GRP78 chaperone upregulation and increase in reactive oxygen species production, respectively. The results from this study shed light on the mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced blood–brain barrier dysfunction and a better understanding of these processes will allow us to take advantage of developing new therapeutic strategies in order to prevent the deleterious effects of alcohol.

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“…Vehicle collision or car crash is one of the pervasive events putting human health at risk. Mortality due to traffic-related injuries is a public health concern in many countries, particularly in lowincome countries (1)(2)(3). According to the World Health Organizationʼs annual report, 1.24 million people (18 in every 100,000 individuals) lose their lives due to roadway crashes, and over 50 million individuals are reported with injury or disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and quality of hospital care for victims of car crashes in Western Azerbaijan, Iran

Garkaz

Paryab

Mehryar

et al. 2020

ircmj

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Background and aim: Car crashes are among the prevalent incidents seriously threatening public health. This study aimed to assess the survival and quality of hospital care for patients of car accidents in Western Azerbaijan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,697 trauma victims admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia, Iran, during 2016. The data, including systolic pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale, respiratory rate prior to admittance, severity of injuries based on surgery description, limbs and brain computed tomography scan, and diagnostic ultrasound by an specialist, were collected from medical records. The survival chance of patients was estimated using Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS). To evaluate the quality of hospital service, Z and W statistics were utilized. Results: Out of 1,697 admitted victims, 1,226 (72.3%) and 471 (27.7%) subjects were male and female, respectively. The patients were within the age range of 15-54 years, including 901 (75%) male and 296 (25%) female subjects. The predominant educational levels were under diploma and illiterate in male and female patients, respectively. The mean values of the Revised Trauma Score for the recovered and deceased patients were 7.75±0.38 and 6.19±1.59, respectively; however, the mean values of the Injury Severity Score for the recovered and deceased patients were 14.57±13.72 and 52.03±27.02, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The number of observed mortalities was 69; nevertheless, the expected mortalities were 60 cases. Furthermore, the quantified W and Z statistics were -9 and 0.02, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that the observed mortality exceeded the expected morality indicating the low quality of hospital care.

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Incidence of fatalities of road traffic accidents associated with alcohol consumption and the use of psychoactive drugs: A 7-year survey�(2011-2017)

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

Ethanol as a stimulus to risky and auto-aggressive behaviour

Ethanol as a stimulus to risky and auto-aggressive behaviour

Alcohol-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment: An In Vitro Study

Survival and quality of hospital care for victims of car crashes in Western Azerbaijan, Iran

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