Incidence of fractures among children and adolescents in rural and urban communities - analysis based on 9,965 fracture events

Hedström, Erik M; Waernbaum, Ingeborg

doi:10.1186/2197-1714-1-14

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Several other studies have reported that ~60% of fractures in young age groups are among boys, with the greatest incidence observed in the 10–14 year age group 1,6,32. Our data are in line with these records for both categories of fractures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fractures in Kuwait: incidence and distribution

Azizieh

2017

RMHP

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The absence of descriptive epidemiological data on the frequency and distribution of fractures in a population is serious and may underestimate the actual importance of this public health problem. In this study, we report the crude and standardized incidence rates of fractures in the population of Kuwait during the period 2009–2012. Using the Ministry of Public Health’s national registry, demographic data of all fracture cases between 2009 and 2012 were retrieved. These were further categorized into fractures at the hip or any other sites. Average annual incidence rates were calculated and standardized using the world’s population in 2010 as a reference. Thus, 18,119 fractures among males and 6,362 among females were recorded. The overall estimated annual incidence rates of fractures per 100,000 person-years were 207 for males and 111.8 for females. Moreover, 13.3% of all fractures were in the hip, with incidence rates of 24.8 for males and 18.9 for females; while 86.7% were in other sites, with corresponding incidence rates of 182.2 and 92.8, respectively. The age-specific fracture incidence rates in females remained below the corresponding rates of males until ≥50 years of age, after which the female age groups showed successively higher rates. The age-standardized incidence rates for all fractures (hip and other sites) were 247.4 for males, 175.4 for females, and 216.2 for both sexes. The burden of this major public health challenge is set to rise, and such population-based incidence data call for an urgent need for action to reduce the projected human impact and socioeconomic costs of fracture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fractures in Kuwait: incidence and distribution

Azizieh

2017

RMHP

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“…Observational studies in adults have implicated obesity in the pathophysiology and outcome of fractures, with protection against fracture at some anatomical sites and increased risk at others . Fractures are very common in childhood, with associations found with male sex, team sport participation, urban living, ethnicity, and socioeconomic deprivation . Chronic kidney disease, low bone mineral density, glucocorticoid use, vitamin D deficiency, and dietary factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of fracture .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preschool Obesity Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Childhood Fracture: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of 466,997 Children and Up to 11 Years of Follow-up in Catalonia, Spain

Lane

Butler

Poveda-Marina

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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This study aimed to determine if having an overweight or obese range body mass index (BMI) at time of beginning school is associated with increased fracture incidence in childhood. A dynamic cohort was created from children presenting for routine preschool primary care screening, collected in the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) platform in Catalonia, Spain. Data were collected from 296 primary care centers representing 74% of the regional pediatric population. A total of 466,997 children (48.6% female) with a validated weight and height measurement within routine health care screening at age 4 years (±6 months) between 2006 and 2013 were included, and followed up to the age of 15, migration out of region, death, or until December 31, 2016. BMI was calculated at age 4 years and classified using WHO growth tables, and fractures were identified using previously validated ICD10 codes in electronic primary care records, divided by anatomical location. Actuarial lifetables were used to calculate cumulative incidence. Cox regression was used to investigate the association of BMI category and fracture risk with adjustment for socioeconomic status, age, sex, and nationality. Median follow‐up was 4.90 years (interquartile range [IQR] 2.50 to 7.61). Cumulative incidence of any fracture during childhood was 9.20% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.79% to 14.61%) for underweight, 10.06% (9.82% to 10.29%) for normal weight, 11.28% (10.22% to 12.35%) for overweight children, and 13.05% (10.69% to 15.41%) for children with obesity. Compared with children of normal range weight, having an overweight and obese range BMI was associated with an excess risk of lower limb fracture (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42 [1.26 to 1.59]; 1.74 [1.46 to 2.06], respectively) and upper limb fracture (adjusted HR = 1.10 [1.03 to 1.17]; 1.19 [1.07 to 1.31]). Overall, preschool children with an overweight or obese range BMI had increased incidence of upper and lower limb fractures in childhood compared with contemporaries of normal weight. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…When they are playing, they may fall, and the natural reflex is for them to throw their hands out in an attempt to stop the fall. Therefore, they are at risk for fracturing their arms [4]. Fractures of the upper extremities are much more common than those in the lower extremities in children.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractures of the upper extremities are much more common than those in the lower extremities in children. In the arm, elbow fractures are the most common [4], [5].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

JCAVE: A 3D Interactive Game to Assist Home Physiotherapy Rehabilitation

Elrefaei¹,

Azan²,

Hakami³

et al. 2019

IJMA

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the applicability of applying gamification approach on the physiotherapy rehabilitation. A new developing game called JCave was designed and developed for the prove of concept. The propose game target the children from six to twelve years of age who need physical therapy in their upper limbs. JCave is a finite and multilevel single-player 3D video game. The player's role is to collect jewels from a cave and increase his/her score by performing physical therapy exercises. The game uses Xbox360 Kinect as a motion capture camera to observe gestures and track the child. Automatic gesture recognition algorithms are implemented for elbow flexion-extension exercises and shoulder flexion, which are the active range of motion (AROM) exercises for both the right and left arms. The JCave game is implemented using Unity3D and Blender to design 3D model objects.

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Incidence of fractures among children and adolescents in rural and urban communities - analysis based on 9,965 fracture events

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Fractures in Kuwait: incidence and distribution

Fractures in Kuwait: incidence and distribution

Preschool Obesity Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Childhood Fracture: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of 466,997 Children and Up to 11 Years of Follow-up in Catalonia, Spain

JCAVE: A 3D Interactive Game to Assist Home Physiotherapy Rehabilitation

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