Incidence of Golf Cart-Related Injury in the United States

McGwin, Gerald; Zoghby, Jonathan; Griffin, Russell; Rue, Loring W.

doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e3181238d39

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Golf cart-related injuries, including from falls, collisions or limb entrapment, can occur11 149 150 and can be severe 139149–152 The US National Safety Council reports over 15 000 golf cart-related injuries per year, noting that not all are related to golf 149.…”

Section: Thematic Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…149–152 The US National Safety Council reports over 15 000 golf cart-related injuries per year, noting that not all are related to golf 149. Authors suggest regulation and instruction around safe golf cart use,150 151 as well as improvement and standardisation of safety features—for example, speed limiters, seat belts and front wheel brakes 149150…”

Section: Thematic Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Authors suggest regulation and instruction around safe golf cart use,150 151 as well as improvement and standardisation of safety features—for example, speed limiters, seat belts and front wheel brakes 149150…”

Section: Thematic Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between golf and health: a scoping review

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveTo assess the relationships between golf and health.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPublished and unpublished reports of any age or language, identified by searching electronic databases, platforms, reference lists, websites and from consulting experts.Review methodsA 3-step search strategy identified relevant published primary and secondary studies as well as grey literature. Identified studies were screened for final inclusion. Data were extracted using a standardised tool, to form (1) a descriptive analysis and (2) a thematic summary.Results and discussion4944 records were identified with an initial search. 301 studies met criteria for the scoping review. Golf can provide moderate intensity physical activity and is associated with physical health benefits that include improved cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic profiles, and improved wellness. There is limited evidence related to golf and mental health. The incidence of golfing injury is moderate, with back injuries the most frequent. Accidental head injuries are rare, but can have serious consequences.ConclusionsPractitioners and policymakers can be encouraged to support more people to play golf, due to associated improved physical health and mental well-being, and a potential contribution to increased life expectancy. Injuries and illnesses associated with golf have been identified, and risk reduction strategies are warranted. Further research priorities include systematic reviews to further explore the cause and effect nature of the relationships described. Research characterising golf's contribution to muscular strengthening, balance and falls prevention as well as further assessing the associations and effects between golf and mental health are also indicated.

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Section: Thematic Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thematic Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between golf and health: a scoping review

et al. 2016

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“…To minimise health risks, golfers should follow appropriate lightning 69 and golf cart safety guidelines. 70 Golfers should use sunscreen and appropriate clothing (collared shirt, hat, and so on) as appropriate, 71 and moderate exposure to direct sunlight. 72 Children should be adequately supervised.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2018 International Consensus Statement on Golf and Health to guide action by people, policymakers and the golf industry

et al. 2018

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Scientific and public interest relating to golf and health has increased recently. Players, potential players, the golf industry and facilities, and decision makers will benefit from a better understanding of how to realise potential health benefits and minimise health issues related to golf. We outline an International Consensus on Golf and Health. A systematic literature review informed the development of a survey. Utilising modified Delphi methods, an expert panel of 25 persons including public health and golf industry leaders, took part in serial surveys providing feedback on suggested items, and proposing new items. Predefined criteria for agreement determined whether each item was included within each survey round and in the final consensus. The working group identiﬁed 79 scientifically supportable statement items from literature review and discussions. Twenty-five experts (100%) completed all three rounds of surveys, rating each item, and suggesting modifications and/or new items for inclusion in subsequent surveys. After three rounds, 83 items achieved consensus with each with >75% agreement and <10% disagreement. These items are included in the final International Consensus on Golf and Health. The final consensus presented here can inform scientific knowledge, and action plans for (1) golfers and potential golfers, (2) golf facilities and the golf industry, and (3) policy and decision makers external to golf. These outputs, if widely adopted, will contribute to an improved understanding of golf and health, and aid these groups in making evidence-informed decisions to improve health and well-being.

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“…These devices have recently grown in popularity because of their small size, low maintenance, and ease of use; however, new models have become faster, quieter and more powerful. These factors have led to several safety issues, especially for "older adults" (over 80-years old) [16,18,19]. According to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database, over 147,500 golf cart-related injuries occurred from 1990 to 2006 in the United States, with an increase of ~130% during these 17 years [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%