Incidence of HCV infection in French hemodialysis units: A prospective study

Izopet, Jacques; Sandres-Sauné, Karine; Kamar, Nassim; Salama, Gilles; Dubois, Martine; Pasquier, Christophe; Rostaing, Lionel

doi:10.1002/jmv.20415

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…per 100,000 person-years (5), but lower than European and Japanese rates reported in hemodialysis populations (0.4 per 100 person-years to 2.59 per 100 person-years) (27)(28)(29). We found that younger age, history of transplant and history of past HBV infection were associated with HCV infection (19,30,31).…”

Section: Figure 1) Flow Chart Of Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Buxton

Whitlock

et al. 2008

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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BACKGROUND: A possible breach of the transducer protector in specific dialysis machines was reported in June 2004 in British Columbia (BC), which led to testing of hemodialysis patients for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. This testing provided an opportunity to examine HCV incidence, prevalence and coinfection with HBV and HIV, and to compare anti-HCV and HCV polymerase chain reaction (PCR).METHODS: The results of hemodialysis patients who were dialyzed on the implicated machines (65% of BC dialysis patients), and tested for HCV, HBV and HIV, between June 1, 2004, and December 31, 2004, were reviewed and compared with available previous results.RESULTS: Of 1286 hemodialysis patients with anti-HCV and/or HCV-PCR testing, 69 (5.4%) tested positive. Two HCV genotype 4 seroconversions were identified. HCV incidence rate on dialysis was 78.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. Younger age, history of renal transplant and past HBV infection were associated with HCV infection. No occult infection was identified using HCV-PCR.INTERPRETATION: Hemodialysis patients had three times the HCV prevalence rate of the general BC population, and more than 20 times the incident rate of the general Canadian population. One of the two seroconversions occurred before the testing campaign; the patient was likely infected during hemodialysis in South Asia. The other was plausibly a late seroconversion following renal transplant in South Asia. Nosocomial transmission cannot be ruled out because both patients were dialyzed in the same centre. Baseline and annual anti-HCV testing is recommended. HCV-PCR should be considered at baseline for persons with HCV risk factors, and for returning travellers who received dialysis in HCV-endemic countries to identify HCV infection occurring outside the hemodialysis unit.

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Section: Figure 1) Flow Chart Of Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Buxton

Whitlock

et al. 2008

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…Hepatitis B and C in hemodialysis patients in Lebanon as low as 0.4% was observed in France from 1997 to 2000 [20] but higher rates have been reported from the Mediterranean region. According to the 2008 SCOT report, the annual rate of HCV sero-conversion in Saudi HD patients was 7%-9% while in Jordan it was 2.6% [14] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Incidence and prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in hemodialysis patients in Lebanon

Rached

Khoury

Imad

et al. 2016

WJN

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AIM:To determine the incidence and the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in patients on hemodialysis (HD) across Lebanon. METHODS:We reviewed the data registry at the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health where records of monthly hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology are reported from 60 affiliated HD centers across Lebanon. All patients who were on HD or who started HD between October 2010 and July 2012 were included in the study. Patients from seven HD centers were excluded due to inadequate and incomplete results reporting. During the selected Retrospective Study ORIGINAL ARTICLEperiod, HBsAg and HCV serology were available for 3769 patients from 53 HD centers distributed at all Lebanese governorates. The prevalence was calculated by dividing the number of patients with positive HBsAg or HCV serology to the total number of patients. The Incidence was calculated by dividing the number of newly acquired infection to number of patients-years (p-y). Incidence rates at different governorates were compared to each other using two tailed Z test and a P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS:Sixty out of 3769 HD patients were found to have positive HBS Ag and 177 out of 3769 were positive for HCV Antibodies. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV in HD patients across Lebanon was 1.6%, and 4.7%, respectively. The comparison of prevalence according to geographic distribution could not be done accurately due to the frequent shift of patients between dialysis centers at different governorates. The incidence rate was 0.27 per 100 p-y for HBV and 0.37 per 100 p-y for HCV. There was no significant difference concerning the incidence of HBV between HD centers at different governorates (all P values > 0.1), but this difference was highly significant concerning the incidence rates of HCV which occurred predominantly in the southern centers (1.47 per 100 p-y) with a P value of 0.00068 and 0.00374 when compared to Mount Lebanon (0.21 per 100 p-y) and the Northern centers (0.19 per 100 p-y), respectively. CONCLUSION:The incidence rate of HBV and HCV is very low in the Lebanese HD centers and their prevalence is decreasing over the last two decades.

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“…25 The aminotransferase level might be slightly elevated and transitory. 1 This has a practical signifi cance since for all cases in which there is unexplained ALT increase, even a very slight increase, acute HCV infection should be suspected. It is only by monthly ALT testing of non-infected patients that an ALT increase could be detected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the main mode of HCV infection transmission is nosocomial. 1 HCV prevalence varies considerably for the different hemodialysis centres throughout the world -it is very low in the developed countries, especially in Germany (6.1%) and the United Kingdom (3.9%), but it is substantially high in the Middle East countries (Kuwait 71%). [2][3][4] HCV infection in dialysis patients tends to run an asymptomatic course with mild changes in the laboratory and morphology parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

Komitova¹,

Atanasova²,

Pavlova³

et al. 2017

Folia Medica

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis in dialysis patients. The diagnosis of HCV infection in these patients is predominantly based on laboratory tests because of the specificity of the clinical course of the disease. Aim: The present prospective study aimed at determining very accurately the prevalence rate of HCV infection in patients on dialysis by simultaneously testing them for anti-HCV and for HCV RNA levels. Materials and methods: For the present cross-sectional longitudinal study we recruited and followed up 93 patients from St George University Hospital Hemodialysis Unit between July 2013 and December 2014. All patients were tested for anti-HCV and HCV RNA. The anti-HCV negative patients were tested for anti-HCV and HCV RNA at least twice at intervals of 6 months or more (up to 12 months). Anti-HCV antibodies were identified using a third generation ELISA assay. Commercial kits for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect HCV RNA in the plasma and mononuclear cells. Aminotransferase and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase levels were studied to find if liver inflammation was present. Results: The total seroprevalence in 68 patients was 20.6% (14). Of these, 10 patients were viremic (HCV RNA+/anti-HCV+), and 4 patients (5.9%) had discordant results (anti-HCV+/HCV RNA-). Acute hepatitis was detected in one patient. Duration of dialysis in HCV viremic patients was longer than that in aviremic patients (p=0.005). Conclusions: The present study suggests that HCV infection in dialysis patients can be diagnosed more accurately if these patients are tested using two diagnostic methods - a serological test and a biomolecular assay. Further studies with larger sample size may prove the feasibility of such approach for all dialysis patients in this country.

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Incidence of HCV infection in French hemodialysis units: A prospective study

Cited by 75 publications

References 46 publications

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Incidence and prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in hemodialysis patients in Lebanon

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

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