Incidence of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Beijing: An Open Cohort Study

Abstract

BackgroundThis study investigated HIV and syphilis incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China.MethodsAn open cohort was established from September 2009 to April 2012. Participants were followed up with every three to four months after recruitment and for thirty-one months in total. Chi-square tests were used to compare demographic and behavioral characteristics between participants who were followed up with and those lost to follow up. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to examine demographic and behavioral associations with HIV and syphilis incidence.Results69.7% (699/1,003) of the participants finished at least two follow-up surveys during the study period. Variables which corresponded to increased loss to follow-up included younger age, less education, non-identification of homosexual identity, and migrant status. A total of 1,045 person-years (PYs) and 1,016.4 PYs were followed up for HIV and syphilis incidence estimation, respectively. The HIV incidence was 5.9 per 100 PYs and 7.8 per 100 PYs for syphilis. The predictors for the high HIV incidence included unsafe anal sex, sex after drinking alcohol and STI infection.ConclusionHIV incidence increased rapidly within the cohort, but syphilis incidence remained stable and decreased. More research is needed to provide multi-pronged HIV prevention interventions among MSM in order to reduce the increasing burden of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in China.

HIV incidence and factors associated with testing positive for HIV among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Myanmar: data from community‐based HIV testing services

“…HIV incidence among MSM and TW documented in this study – 10.1 cases per 100 person years – is the first assessment of HIV incidence for any group in Myanmar, and demonstrates a higher rate of HIV transmission among MSM and TW compared to other estimates in Asia , including among service‐engaged MSM in Bangkok . While HIV incidence was calculated among clients receiving more than one test during the pilot period and whose repeat testing behaviour may have been prompted by higher levels of risk than single testers, this finding points to a high level of HIV transmission among clients already engaged with a HIV prevention service.…”

Circumcision to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global data

“…33 17 reported STIs other than HIV as outcomes, 16,20,23,33,35,36,40,43,[46][47][48][49][50]65,68,70,74 and 12 reported both HIV infection and other STIs as outcomes. 17,25,27,32,34,39,41,[71][72][73]79,87,88,91 Four studies-two for HIV 15, 29 and two for other STIs 65,70were excluded from the meta-analysis because they did not report data necessary to calculate ORs (figure 1).…”

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Low willingness and actual uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention among men who have sex with men in Shanghai, China

“…Recent studies also revealed an increasing trend of HIV incidence in MSM population in various areas of China (3)(4)(5). Although sexual risk reduction interventions have proven to be effective in increasing HIV/AIDS knowledge, condom use, and HIV testing in MSM population (6)(7), it seems that these strategies are not enough to curb the HIV epidemic.…”