Incidence of HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-Like Virus in Breast Cancer in Qatar

Gupta, Ishita; Al-Sarraf, Reem; Farghaly, Hanan; Vranić, Semir; Sultan, Ali A.; Al-Thawadi, Hamda; Moustafa, Ala‐Eddin Al; Al-Farsi, Halema

doi:10.1159/000525277

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The current meta-analysis confirms the wide variations existing among the included studies. Various reasons have been described for the aforementioned discrepancy, which not only affects the possibility of an association of HPV with BC, but also the distribution of the HPV genotypes: Geographic region(s) of the samples, genetic background, cultural variations such as variable sexual practices and patterns, sample types such as fresh versus FFPE samples, age of the selected populations, sensitivity of the detection methods used, condition of the preserved samples that can hamper DNA quality, the histological type of BCs (IDC versus ductal adenocarcinoma in situ), the absence of an international standard assay for HPV genotyping and the unintentional contamination of samples with the genome of other potentially oncogenic viruses, such as EBV, MMTV, CMV and HSV (2,4,7,13,31,(94)(95)(96)(97)(98).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the commercial kits used for DNA extraction and amplification by PCR, as well as the specific type of PCR used in every study, nested or quantitative PCR, differed among the included studies. Furthermore, it is considered a challenge to completely eliminate the possibility of specimen contamination with other oncogenic viruses, such as EBV ( 10 ), which could lead to carcinogenesis caused by these viruses and not by HPV ( 98 ). Moreover, the low viral loads detected in breast specimens impede the identification of HPV DNA in patients with BC ( 99 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Karachalios,

Petousis,

Margioula‑Siarkou

et al. 2023

Oncol Lett

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Breast cancer (BC) is the leading malignancy worldwide. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and BC is debatable. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV DNA in malignant breast tumors. An extensive search of the PubMed and SCOPUS databases was carried out for case-control studies published between January 1, 2003 and January 7, 2023, which compared HPV DNA detection in breast tissue specimens of female patients with BC and women with absent or benign breast disorders. Once the initial title/abstract screening was completed by two independent investigators, the full texts of the included studies from that stage were reviewed by the aforementioned investigators to determine if they should be included in the present study. Data extraction was independently conducted by two investigators. A third investigator was consulted to resolve disagreements through free discussion. MedCalc was used for quantitative synthesis. The significance of association was estimated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using the random-effects model. A total of 23 primary studies, including 3,243 subjects (2,027 patients and 1,216 controls), were eligible for quantitative analysis. HPV prevalence in patients with BC and controls was 21.95 and 8.96%, respectively. The prevalence of HPV differed significantly between the two groups (OR 3.83; 95% CI 2.03-7.25; P<0.01). Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using the I 2 index which was 69.57% (95% CI 51.89-80.75). The risk of bias was assessed using an appropriate tool contributed by the CLARITY Group at McMaster University. Seven studies had a low risk of bias, 15 studies had a moderate risk of bias and only one study had a serious risk of bias. These results reinforce the hypothesis that HPV is involved in BC development and progression, indicating a possible role of HPV vaccination in BC prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Karachalios,

Petousis,

Margioula‑Siarkou

et al. 2023

Oncol Lett

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“…Several authors [ 25 , 100 , 102 , 108 , 123 ] failed to report any statistical association between MMTV-like virus and clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Hachana et al [ 115 ] reported an inverse correlation between MMTV presence and progesterone receptor and HER2 status.…”

Section: Mmtvmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in the Pathogenesis of Sporadic Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature

Rossi,

Inzani,

Cesari

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the female sex; although recent therapies have significantly changed the natural history of this cancer, it remains a significant challenge. In the past decade, evidence has been put forward that some oncogenic viruses may play a role in the development of sporadic breast cancer; however, data are scattered and mostly reported as sparse case series or small case–control studies. In this review, we organize and report current evidence regarding the role of high-risk human papillomavirus, mouse mammary tumor virus, Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, bovine leukemia virus, human polyomavirus 2, and Merkel cell polyomavirus in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

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“…Arab BC rates vary per region. Saudi Arabia had 22 BC cases per 100,000 women, the UAE 23, Kuwait, Jordan, and Qatar 40, and Bahrain 53 [3]. Saudi Arabia has a higher BC rate, particularly in younger women, than in western nations [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Changing Levels of Immune Checkpoint Proteins in The Serum of Breast Cancer Patients

Alrahimi¹,

Yousuf²,

Pushparaj³

et al. 2022

Pharmacophore

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Breast cancer is the most frequent kind of invasive cancer in women. Biomarker monitoring and prognosis provide outstanding clinical information that may be employed to battle various cancers. This study aimed to examine a variety of biomarkers utilizing a multiplex bead array. BTLA, CD27, CD28, TIM-3, HVEM, CD40, LAG-3, TLR-2, PD-1, CD80, CD86, PDL-1, PDL-2, and ICOS are common biomarker checkpoint proteins found in a selective panel. This panel examined a research group of 59 patients with BC and 17 healthy people. The expression patterns of a handful of the fourteen biomarkers varied considerably between people with BC and healthy controls. With Pvalues of (p= 0.05), (p= 0.02), (p= 0.01), and (p= 0.02), general features of the two groups of malignant and non-malignant patients revealed significant correlations in parameters such as the age of first menstruation, pregnancy, menopausal status, and hormone replacement treatment. With P-values, there was a substantial rise in BTLA, HVEM, TLR-2, and PDL-1 serum levels, as well as a significant drop in CD86. Furthermore, these markers indicated a significant relationship with the clinic-pathological aspects of the patients. With a P-value of 0.0002, both BTLA and HVME showed a statistically significant connection with hormone receptor phenotypes. For ER status, BTLA, CD86, and PDL1 had equivalent significance values of (p= 0.0148), (p= 0.0166), and (p= 0.0001). BTLA was related to lymph node involvement (p=0.0397), whereas TLR2 was associated with HER2 status (p=0.0332). BTLA, HVEM, TLR-2 CD86, and PDL-1 may be valuable biomarkers for cancer monitoring and prognosis.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Incidence of HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-Like Virus in Breast Cancer in Qatar

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in the Pathogenesis of Sporadic Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature

Investigating the Changing Levels of Immune Checkpoint Proteins in The Serum of Breast Cancer Patients

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