Incidence of hypertension and its risk factors in rural Kerala, India: A community-based cohort study

Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu; Kannan, Srinivasan; Sarma, P. S.; Razum, Oliver; Thankappan, KR

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2011.11.002

Cited by 69 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This difference in the risk of hypertension between current smokers versus past/ never smokers was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.001) as was found in various studies. 17,23,24 The risk of hypertension was 2.69 times higher among those who were sedentary as compared to those engaged in physical activity and this difference in the prevalence of HTN was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.001). This finding is comparable to other studies conducted in India and in other countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 25-64 years in a rural area of Thrissur in Kerala

Simon

Saju

Binu

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Lifestyle changes have fuelled the epidemic of obesity, diabetes, hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is a global public health problem Even though it can be controlled by early diagnosis, lifestyle modifications and adequate treatment; many remain unaware of their hypertension, especially in rural areas where not many studies have been done. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults in rural Kerala.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2011 to May 2012 in the rural field practice area of Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur. 423 adults, aged 25–64 years, were selected by multi-stage sampling. An interview was conducted using a pretested proforma and anthropometric measurements were recorded using standard guidelines. Diagnosis of hypertension was based on Joint National Committee (JNC) VII guidelines that included both new and previously diagnosed cases (on anti-hypertensive treatment) of hypertension (Systolic BP >140mmHg and/or Diastolic BP >90mmHg).Results: Among the 155 males and 268 females in this study, the prevalence of HTN was 43.3%, of which 98 (53.6%) were previously diagnosed hypertensives and 85 (46.4%) new HTN cases. In the multivariate analysis, the significant risk factors of HTN were age {Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=2.03, (95% CI=1.48-2.79), p=0.001}, male sex {AOR=3.65, (95% CI=1.55-8.62) p=0.001}, central obesity or waist-hip ratio {AOR=23.78,(95% CI =4.47-126.42), p=0.001}, sedentary lifestyle {AOR=2.96, (95% CI=1.48-5.90), p=0.001}, high salt intake {AOR=37.37,( 95% CI=18.04-77.45), p=0.001} and current smoking {AOR=3.25, (95% CI =1.15-9.24), p= 0.001}.Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of hypertension was 43.3%. Pre-hypertension was found among 26.5% of the study population. The risk factors associated with HTN were male gender, increasing age, central obesity, sedentary lifestyle, excess salt intake and current smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 25-64 years in a rural area of Thrissur in Kerala

Simon

Saju

Binu

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…Similar results were observed in an epidemiological study performed in rural settings in Central India 13 and other studies. 13,[28][29][30][31][32][33] This is probably because of the adoption of harmful lifestyle habits with increase in age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hypertension in rural population of Central India

Singh

Zafar

et al. 2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Hypertension is an important public health problem in both rural and urban areas of economically developed as well as developing nations. It is a chronic medical condition and is one of the most common life threatening non-communicable disease. It is an asymptomatic condition, symptoms do not arise unless the complications develop which result in delayed diagnosis and treatment especially among the uneducated and unexplained social groups such as rural population. Present study was an attempt to provide data on hypertension in rural area of central India. The objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in rural population above 18 years of age in Etawah and neighbouring districts of Uttar Pradesh, India.Methods: The study was planned to determine the prevalence of hypertension in rural community by health camp and door to door approach. BP measurements were made after the subject had rested for at least 5 minutes in a seated position using mercury sphygmomanometer. The first blood pressure measurement was taken after obtaining socio-demographic information from the study subject, while the second was recorded after 5 minutes.Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 17%, which was observed to be higher among female i.e. 170 (18.3%) individuals than males 153 (15.8%) individuals. The prevalence of hypertension was observed to be higher among the older individuals. It was found to be 5.26 times higher in older (>50 years) than the younger (<30 years) age group. We found prehypertension in 65.74%, Stage I hypertension in 11.33% and stage II hypertension in 5.69% individuals.Conclusions: Present study showed that high prevalence of hypertension in rural area of Western Uttar Pradesh, Central India.

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“…In the 7-year study (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010), where 297 healthy adults were observed, it was shown that over this time the main reason for the development of hypertension in 23.6% of subjects was the prevalence of abdominal obesity and smoking [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and lifestyle in patients pharmacologically treated due to hypertensionally treated due to hypertension.

Jarosz

Wolańska²,

Stolińska³

et al. 2013

Cardiol J

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Incidence of hypertension and its risk factors in rural Kerala, India: A community-based cohort study

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 25-64 years in a rural area of Thrissur in Kerala

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 25-64 years in a rural area of Thrissur in Kerala

Prevalence of hypertension in rural population of Central India

Nutrition and lifestyle in patients pharmacologically treated due to hypertensionally treated due to hypertension.

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