Incidence of Infection and Antimicrobial Consumption in Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) Recipients at the Prince Charles Hospital (TPCH): A Retrospective Analysis

Belz, Stephen; Fisquet, Stephanie; Ahuja, Abhilasha; Hay, Karen

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2020.02.002

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Those that have been widely accepted are duration of support, repetitive exit-site trauma caused by shearing traction or torsion injury on the driveline, and large body mass index (BMI) and diabetes of the patient [ 3 , 27 , 34 , 36 ]. Other inconclusive risk factors include region of residence, younger age and related higher activity rates, older age and related patient morbidity, depression status of patients, renal dysfunction/elevated serum creatinine level, severe heart failure, malnutrition, T-cell dysfunction, blood product administration, hypogammaglobulinemia, the presence of intravascular lines, delayed sternal closure, prolonged operation, longer than usual intensive care and postoperative hospital stay, and location of driveline exit site [ 3 , 27 , 32 , 37 ].…”

Section: Definition and Epidemiological Profile Of Vad-specific Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common pathogens isolated from VAD patients with confirmed driveline infections or pocket infection are Gram-positive bacteria that colonize skin and the nasal cavity, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis [ 54 , 55 ]. These two species cause at least half of all driveline infections [ 33 , 37 , 55 ]. Other Gram-positive bacteria frequently implicated in driveline infections include Enterococcus species, Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-epidermidis coagulase-negative staphylococci [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 37 ].…”

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two species cause at least half of all driveline infections [ 33 , 37 , 55 ]. Other Gram-positive bacteria frequently implicated in driveline infections include Enterococcus species, Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-epidermidis coagulase-negative staphylococci [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 37 ]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the leading Gram-negative bacterium accounting for approximately a quarter of all driveline infections [ 33 , 55 ].…”

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. aureus , S. epidermidis , and some other Gram-positive bacteria can be readily acquired at the implant hospitalization and are often involved in early-onset infections. Late-onset infections are more likely to involve P. aeruginosa and other Gram-negative bacteria, probably reflecting frequent contact of recovering patients after hospital discharge with highly humid home environments such as a shower without protecting the driveline exit-site [ 37 , 56 ].…”

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventricular Assist Device-Specific Infections

Peleg

McGiffin

2021

JCM

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Ventricular assist device (VAD)-specific infections, in particular, driveline infections, are a concerning complication of VAD implantation that often results in significant morbidity and even mortality. The presence of a percutaneous driveline at the skin exit-site and in the subcutaneous tunnel allows biofilm formation and migration by many bacterial and fungal pathogens. Biofilm formation is an important microbial strategy, providing a shield against antimicrobial treatment and human immune responses; biofilm migration facilitates the extension of infection to deeper tissues such as the pump pocket and the bloodstream. Despite the introduction of multiple preventative strategies, driveline infections still occur with a high prevalence of ~10–20% per year and their treatment outcomes are frequently unsatisfactory. Clinical diagnosis, prevention and management of driveline infections are being targeted to specific microbial pathogens grown as biofilms at the driveline exit-site or in the driveline tunnel. The purpose of this review is to improve the understanding of VAD-specific infections, from basic “bench” knowledge to clinical “bedside” experience, with a specific focus on the role of biofilms in driveline infections.

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Section: Definition and Epidemiological Profile Of Vad-specific Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiological Profile Of Vad-specific Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventricular Assist Device-Specific Infections

Peleg

McGiffin

2021

JCM

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“…Device-associated infections are one of the most common complications in medical practice. Although the development of smaller and continuous-flow devices has improved survival and reduced infection rates, one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in these patients remains infection [ 1 ]. The treatment of medical device-related infections is challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane-Based Coatings with Promising Antibacterial Properties

et al. 2020

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In coatings technology, the possibility of introducing specific characteristics at the surface level allows for the manufacture of medical devices with efficient and prolonged antibacterial properties. This efficiency is often achieved by the use of a small amount of antibacterial molecules, which can fulfil their duty while limiting eventual releasing problems. The object of this work was the preparation and characterization of silver, titanium dioxide and chitosan polyurethane-based coatings. Coatings with the three antibacterials were prepared using different deposition techniques, using a brush or a bar coater automatic film applicator, and compared to solvent casted films prepared with the same components. For silver containing materials, an innovative strategy contemplating the use and preparation of silver nanoparticles in a single step-method was employed. This preparation was obtained starting from a silver precursor and using a single compound as the reducing agent and stabilizer. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and adhesion test experiments were used to characterize the prepared coatings. Promising antibacterial properties, measured via direct and indirect methods, were registered for all the silver-based materials.

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