Incidence of low birth weight in Mexico: A descriptive retrospective study from 2008–2017

Abstract

According to the WHO, low birth weight (LBW) affects 15–20% of newborns worldwide. In Mexico, there are no national, state, nor municipal estimates that inform the country’s situation over time. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of LBW at the national, state, and municipal levels from 2008 to 2017, and to estimate the LBW incidence based on maternal sociodemographic characteristics, prenatal care and marginalization indexes at the national level using open national data. We used spatial data analysis to georeferenced LBW incidence at the three levels of geographical disaggregation studied. At the national level, the incidence of LBW increased progressively from 6.2% (2008) to 7.1% (2017), and the country’s capital represented the area with the highest incidence. Southeastern and central states reported the highest LBW regional incidence. At the municipal level, the number of municipalities with an incidence of LBW ≥8% increased in both male and female newborns. The incidence of LBW was higher as the marginalization indexes increases. The results from this study may assist in the identification of vulnerable groups and the development of public health programs and policies with an intersectoral approach that improves maternal and child nutrition.

Incidence of macrosomia in Mexico: National and subnational estimations

“…incidence of FM was observed [26]. The variability of the incidence of FM in the states of the country could be associated with the different socioeconomic and health conditions of the different regions.…”

“…On the other hand, an explanation for the low incidence of FM in the southern states could be maternal height or low birth weight. Maternal height has been identified as a risk factor of birth weight [25] and it has been observed to be lower in the population of the southern states than in the population living in the northern states [26]. Regarding low birth weight, there is a record of a higher incidence in the southeast and Central Mexico; in these regions, a lower…”

“…rural areas). However, births in these places represent a low percentage of total births, so they would not have a significant impact on the estimation of the incidence of FM [26]. Other inherent limitations to the database used in this work is the possible error in the measurement of birth weight or its record, as well as the lack of maternal anthropometric variables (i.e.…”

Newborns with Low Body Weight: Specific Weight, Structure and Dynamics of Incidence

“…Маловесность детей при рождении является эффективным показателем здоровья матери, питания, качества и доступности оказания медицинской помощи и социально-экономического состояния в регионе. Частота рождения детей с НМТ характеризуется значительными колебаниями от 4,8% до 38,0% [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. На основании сведений о 281 миллионе рождений в 148 странах мира распространенность НМТ во всем мире в 2015 г. составила 14,6% по сравнению с 17,5% в 2000 г., что отражает тенденцию к снижению [10].…”

“…[10]. Анализируя данные современных когортных исследований [4][5][6][7][8], можно сделать вывод о неоднородности полученных разными авторами результатов относительно маловесных детей с разными методологическими подходами к учету сведений, что затрудняет интерпретацию и экстраполирование этих данных на отечественную популяцию новорожденных.…”