Incidence of malaria and salmonellosis co-infection in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, North-West Nigeria

Be, Igiri; Cg, Ejezie; Inyang-Etoh, PC; Jimoh, Olanrewaju; Otu-Bassey, IB; Om, Ogba

doi:10.15761/csrr.1000109

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Of these, 7 (53.8%) were coinfected with P. falciparum, 4 (30.8%) were with P. vivax, and 2 (15.4%) were with mixed infections (P. falciparum and P. vivax). is finding agrees with the results reported for Ghana (1.91%) [38], India (1.6% and 1.59%) [33,36], and Pakistan (4%) [30]. In contrast, the current coinfection prevalence is lower than reported in KMC&H, Guntur (6.5%) [39], Cameroon (7.8%) [15], Enugu, Nigeria (15.6%) [31], Calabar, Nigeria (28%) [21], Southeastern Nigeria (36.2%) [28], and Akure, Nigeria (51.5%) [40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similarly, the study done in Pakistan [30] used a PCR technique for malaria identification. On the other hand, the prevalence of coinfection identified in our study is higher than that reported in Northwest, Ethiopia (0.5%) [14], North-West Nigeria (0%) [36], Kaduna state, Nigeria (0.5%) [9], Northern India (1.1%) [33], New Delhi (1.59%) [37], and Uttar Pradesh, India (1%) [18].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…The prevalence is much lower than the extent of prevalence stated in Northern Ethiopia (68.7%) (17), Nigeria (12%–40%) [ 32 ], Northern India (22%) [ 33 ], and Karnataka, India (55.4%) [ 34 ]. Nevertheless, the rate of typhoid fever infection currently observed was relatively higher than previous reports from Ethiopia (1.6% and 2.6%) [ 17 , 19 ], and from other African countries (0% to 2.6%) [ 28 , 35 , 36 ], and study reports from India (1.99% and 4%) [ 18 , 37 ]. The higher typhoid fever infection rate observed in our study could be attributed to variations in the amount of sample blood used, the diagnostic methods, sociodemographic characteristics, the degree of sanitation and hygiene among study populations, and variations in the study period.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…e prevalence is much lower than the extent of prevalence stated in Northern Ethiopia (68.7%) (17), Nigeria (12%-40%) [32], Northern India (22%) [33], and Karnataka, India (55.4%) [34]. Nevertheless, the rate of typhoid fever infection currently observed was relatively higher than previous reports from Ethiopia (1.6% and 2.6%) [17,19], and from other African countries (0% to 2.6%) [28,35,36], and study reports from India (1.99% and 4%) [18,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Magnitude of Malaria-Typhoid Fever Coinfection in Febrile Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia

Alelign

Batire

Yohanes

et al. 2022

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background. Coinfection with malaria and typhoid fever is a major public health issue in developing countries. In endemic areas, including Ethiopia, people are at risk of acquiring both malaria and typhoid fever at the same time. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of malaria-typhoid fever coinfection in febrile patients attending hospital at Southern Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 416 febrile patients attending Arba Minch General Hospital from 1st October to 30th December 2021. The data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Capillary and Venus blood samples were collected for assessing malaria and typhoid fever, respectively. Blood smear, culture, and biochemical tests were performed based on standard parasitological and microbiological methods. The P -value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The magnitude of malaria, typhoid fever, and their coinfections was 26.2% (109/416), 6.5% (27/416), and 3.1% (13/416), respectively. Among the confirmed malaria cases, about 66% of infections were Plasmodium falciparum. The malaria-typhoid fever coinfection showed a statistically significant association with a clinical presentation of a continuous pattern of fever (AOR = 5.84; 95% CI: 1.44–23.71, P = 0.014 ) and chills (AOR = 3.94; 95% CI: 1.04–14.89, P = 0.044 ). About 29.6% of Salmonella isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Conclusion. The total rate of coinfection with malaria and typhoid fever was comparable to that of previous studies. With the consideration of higher prevalence of drug resistance of Salmonella spp. and higher prevalence of malaria‐typhoid fever coinfection, proper diagnostic procedure should be implemented for proper use of drugs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Magnitude of Malaria-Typhoid Fever Coinfection in Febrile Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia

Alelign

Batire

Yohanes

et al. 2022

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Malaria and Typhoid Fever Coinfection among Febrile Patients Attending Kafin-Maiyaki Primary Health Centre

Sule,

Ibrahim,

Muhammad

2024

UJMR

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Study’s Novelty/Excerpt This study investigates the burden and co-existence of malaria and typhoid fever among febrile patients, providing a rare examination of these symptomatically similar but aetiologically distinct diseases in a single patient cohort. The novelty of the research lies in its detailed analysis of co-infection rates across different age groups and genders, highlighting significant age-related disparities and suggesting the higher vulnerability of older patients. These findings underscore the importance of concurrent screening for malaria and typhoid fever in febrile patients, offering critical insights for improving diagnostic and treatment strategies in the study area. Full Abstract Malaria and typhoid fever are two symptomatically similar but aetiologically dissimilar diseases: mala ria is caused by parasitic agents from Plasmodium species; ty phoid fever, on the other hand, is caused by Salmonella typhi. They both have no gender distinction in terms of their effect, but malaria appears to be more severe among children. The study aimed to determine the burden of these two diseases among febrile patients in the study area by collecting four (4) mL of blood from each participant, 2 mL of which were dispensed into EDTA bottles for use to detect microscopic parasites. The harvested serum from the remainder was used for the Widal agglutination test to detect the presence of antibodies to Salmonella species. Based on the results, malaria and typhoid fever co-existence was found to be 20.9%. The findings with respect to age group revealed that patients >60 years had a higher coinfection rate of 75% while the 1-12 years age group had the least coinfection (10.6%). There was a significant association between coinfection and age groups (p = 0.019). With respect to gender, females were more prone to be co-infected (53.6%) compared to their male counterparts (46.4%) out of the total positive cases (28) obtained, but the observed difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.016). We therefore recommend concurrent screening of these diseases in all febrile cases in the study area.

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Incidence of malaria and salmonellosis co-infection in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, North-West Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Magnitude of Malaria-Typhoid Fever Coinfection in Febrile Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia

Magnitude of Malaria-Typhoid Fever Coinfection in Febrile Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia

Malaria and Typhoid Fever Coinfection among Febrile Patients Attending Kafin-Maiyaki Primary Health Centre

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