Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Relative Importance of Five Components as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome: 5-Year Follow-up Study in Korea

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of metabolic syndrome and to identify five components as metabolic syndrome predictors. The final study included 1,095 subjects enrolled in a rural part of Daegu Metropolitan City, Korea for a cohort study in 2003. Of these, 762 (69.6%) subjects had participated in the repeat survey. During the five-year follow-up, incidence density was significantly higher for women than for men (men, 30.0/1,000 person-years; women, 46.4/1,000 person-years). In both men and women, incidence of metabolic syndrome showed a significant increase with increasing number of metabolic syndrome components at baseline. Compared with individuals presenting none of components at baseline, relative risks were increased 1.22 (men; 95% CI, 0.43-3.51), 2.21 (women; 95% CI, 0.98-4.97) times more for individuals with one component of metabolic syndrome and 5.30 (men; 95% CI, 2.31-12.13), 5.53 (women; 95% CI, 2.78-11.01) times more for those who had two components. In multivariate analysis, the most powerful risk factor for metabolic syndrome was abdominal obesity in men and low HDL-cholesterol in women (adjusted relative risk, 3.28, 2.53, respectively). Consequently, finding a high risk group for metabolic syndrome according to gender and prevention of metabolic syndrome through lifestyle modification are essential.

The Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and the Most Powerful Components as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Central Iran: A 10-Year Follow-Up in a Cohort Study

“…In the current study, the incidence of MetS had an increase with age in all subjects except in the age group of 65 to 74 years. After the age of 30 years and especially the age of 40 years, the incidence of MetS in females exceeded that of males that is similar to Hwang's study (5). One reason for this increase might be the start of menopausal period in females (28,29).…”

“…39 years was 53.47/1000 person-years that was lower than a Korean study carried out by Ryu et al In a Korean study, the unadjusted and the age-adjusted incidence density of MetS was 70.5 and 76.9/1000 person-years, respectively, which was higher than the current study on the same age group (26). The annual cumulative incidence rate in the current study was 5.6% in males and 5.8% in females that was higher than a Korean study (males, 2.8%; females, 4.2%) and also higher than a French study (males, 3.5%; females, 2.7%) (5,22).…”

“…Also, low physical activity decreased the incidence of MetS. In developing countries, decreasing physical activity and as a result, increasing obesity due to western diet and fast food and diseases related to lifestyle changes enhanced the incidence of MetS in comparison with developed countries (5,27). According to the 3 definitions of MetS (NCEP III, IDF, and the joint interim statement) in the Tehran lipid and glucose study, there was a significant difference in incidence of MetS and low level of physical activity (2).…”

“…Furthermore, in a five-year follow-up study in Korea, the incidence of MetS was reported as 30/1000 personyears for males and 46.4/1000 person-years for females (5). In a study from Taiwan, after a 10-year follow-up, the incidence rate of MetS was reported as 24.2% (9).…”

“…2017; 19 (7):e14934. ≥ 100 mg/dL or taking antidiabetic drugs), hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL), low serum HDL-cholesterol (< 40 mg/dL in males and < 50 mg/dL in females or pharmacologic treatment for both TG and HDL-C) (5,15,16) and abdominal obesity based on proposed national definitions for Iranians (waist circumference ≥ 91.5 cm in males and ≥ 85.5 cm in females, according to a study done by Esteghamati et al (17). Socioeconomic status was divided to 3 groups; low, moderate, and high based on income level, private car and home area.…”