“…21 These observations suggest that the antiplatelet effect of ticlopidine 200 mg/day was sufficient to prevent thrombotic events in Japan with lower side effect rate of ticlopidine. 22,23 A benefit of this study is the limited case selection bias because no other DESs were available during the study period in Japan. On the contrary, there were several Japanspecific risk factors such as small reference vessel diameter (the average was 2.47 mm), high percent of diabetics (43.3%) and off-label use (68.3%), including 11.2% total occlusion.…”