Incidence of psychopathology in a cohort of young heroin and/or cocaine users

Herrero, M. Jesús; Domingo‐Salvany, Antònia; Brugal, M. Teresa; Torrens, Marta

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2011.01.013

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Otro problema es que las muestras de consumidores de cocaína pueden estar sujetas a efectos rápidos de cohorte, ya que los cambios en el precio de la cocaína, la disponibilidad y las actitudes sociales alteran su penetración en diferentes grupos demográficos. En segundo lugar, nuestro estudio pone de relieve la prevalencia actual, mientras que otros estudios han considerado la prevalencia a lo largo de la vida vida (Arias et al, 2013;Carroll y Rounsaville, 1992;Falck et al, 2004;Herrero et al, 2008;Herrero et al, 2011;Tortajada et al, 2012;Vergara-Moragues et al, 2012). En tercer lugar, la mayoría de variables del estudio fueron de auto-informe, lo que podría constituir un sesgo de recuerdo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Los más habituales son el abuso de sustancias (Arias et al, 2013;Carroll y Rounsaville, 1992;Falck, Wang, Siegal y Carlson, 2004;Herrero et al,2008;Kleinman et al, 1990;Malow, West, Corrigan, Pena y Lott, 1992;Regier et al, 1990;Rounsaville et al, 1991;Falck et al, 2004), los trastornos del humor y de la ansiedad (Falck et al, 2004;Herrero et al, 2011;Rounsaville et al, 1991) y los relacionados con la impulsividad (Kjome et al, 2010;LoBue et al, 2014;Moeller et al, 2001Vonmoos et al, 2013 y el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad [TDAH] (Levin, Evans, y Kleber, 1998;Levin et al, 2004;Vergara-Moragues et al, 2011).…”

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Psychiatric comorbidity in a sample of cocaine-dependent outpatients seen in the Community of Madrid drug addiction care network

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to estimate the current prevalence of psychiatric disorders in cocaine-dependent patients who attend different treatment centres in the Community of Madrid. A prospective multicentre study was used, and a total of 197 cocainedependent subjects were assessed. The assessment instrument used for diagnosis was the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM-IV). The main findings of this study were a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in cocaine-dependent patients seeking treatment (64.0%). The most common Non Substance Use Disorders found were attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorders (34.5%) and depressive disorders (13.7%). The most common Substance Use Disorder was alcohol dependence (28.4%).Cocaine-dependent patients who had a depressive disorder and were alcohol dependent presented a more severe clinical profile and a higher degree of psychopathology, measured using different assessment tools, than the patients who were only cocaine dependent.These data suggest that the presence of psychiatric comorbidity could constitute a risk factor associated with the severity of cocaine dependence. The clinical heterogeneity found also indicates the need to search for individualised treatments that more specifically fit the needs of this population. Mental Disorders (PRISM-IV) (Entrevista de Investigación Psiquiátrica para Trastornos Mentales y Sustancias). La prevalencia actual de comorbilidad psiquiátrica encontrada fue del 64.0%. Los trastornos psiquiátricos más frecuentes no relacionados con el consumo fueron el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (34,5%) y los trastornos depresivos (13,7%). El trastorno por uso de sustancias más frecuente fue la dependencia del alcohol (28.4%). Los pacientes dependientes de cocaína que presentaron un trastorno depresivo y los que presentaron dependencia del alcohol mostraron un perfil clínico de mayor gravedad y un mayor grado de psicopatología medido a través de diferentes instrumentos de evaluación en relación con los pacientes que sólo presentaban dependencia de la cocaína. Estos datos sugieren que la presencia de comorbilidad psiquiátrica podría constituir un factor de riesgo asociado a la gravedad de la dependencia de la cocaína.La heterogeneidad clínica encontrada recomienda la búsqueda de tratamientos individualizados que se ajusten de manera mas especifica a las necesidades de esta población.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

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Psychiatric comorbidity in a sample of cocaine-dependent outpatients seen in the Community of Madrid drug addiction care network

et al. 2016

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“…La mayoría de los pacientes presentaban sintomatología depresiva leve y/o moderada y otras alteraciones psicopatoló-gicas. La presencia de alteraciones en el estado de ánimo se ha relacionado frecuentemente con la adicción a la cocaína y esta asociación se ha explicado frecuentemente en términos de semejanza entre síntomas depresivos y síntomas propios de la abstinencia a la cocaína, como consecuencia de las dificultades familiares, laborales y sociales generadas por la propia adicción, o como factor predisponente previo al trastorno adictivo (Brown et al, 1998;Herrero, Domingo-Salvany, Brugal, & Torrens, 2011;López & Becoña, 2007).…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

“…No obstante, sería recomendable confirmar la estabilidad de estas puntuaciones más allá de las primeras semanas de abstinencia con el fin de poder diferenciar entre comorbilidad psicopatológica y los efectos directos del síndrome de abstinencia. Se requieren más investigaciones que analicen la repercusión de la sintomatología depresiva y psicopatológica sobre los resultados de tratamiento, y que exploren la evolución de esta sintomatología para determinar en qué casos desaparece o se mantiene a lo largo del tratamiento y qué variables median su evolución (Herrero, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Psicopatología y funciones ejecutivas en adictos a la cocaína

et al. 2012

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Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la presencia de alteraciones psicopatológicas en una muestra de adictos a la cocaína y examinar la relación existente entre estas alteraciones y el rendimiento neuropsicoló-gico en tareas de funcionamiento ejecutivo. La muestra se compuso por 50 participantes que habían solicitado tratamiento por su adicción a la cocaí-na. En el inicio del tratamiento, se aplicó a cada sujeto el EuropASI, el SCL-90-R, el BDI y una batería neuropsicológica compuesta por varias tareas sensibles a la detección de alteraciones en diferentes componentes de las funciones ejecutivas. Los resultados mostraron que al menos un 26% de la muestra puntuaba por encima del punto de corte de riesgo psicopatológico establecido en cada una de las escalas del SCL-90-R y que el 81,6% presentaba síntomas depresivos. Un mayor nivel de depresión y de ansiedad fóbica se relacionaron con la presencia de dificultades atencionales y de velocidad de procesamiento de información. No se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el resto las dimensiones psicopatológicas evaluadas y la ejecución en las distintas tareas neuropsicoló-gicas. Palabras clave: Adicción a la cocaína; psicopatología; rendimiento neuropsicológico; funciones ejecutivas.Title: Psychopathology and executive functions in cocaine addicts. Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the presence of psychopathological symptoms in a sample of cocaine addicts and to examine the relationship between these symptoms and neuropsychological performance on executive functioning tasks. Fifty treatment-seeking outpatients for cocaine addiction participated. The EuropASI, the SCL-90-R, the BDI and a neuropsychological protocol, comprising different tasks sensitive to the detection of alterations in different components of the executive functions, were collected for each subject at the beginning of treatment. Results showed that at least 26% of the sample scored above the psychopathological risk cutoff of the dimensions of the SCL-90-R and 81.6% showed depressive symptoms at treatment entry assessment. Only a higher level of depression and phobic anxiety were associated with attentional difficulties and information processing speed. There were no significant associations between other psychopathological dimensions and neuropsychological test performance scores.

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“…More common were studies such as the Swedish Conscript Study (SCS; Romelsjç, Allebeck, AndrØasson, & Leifman, 2012), which assessed data taken at a single point in time and followed people up through national registers such as mortality registers; other examples are from e. g., England (Hayes et al, 2011), Finland (Virtanen et al, 2011), Spain (Herrero, Domingo-Salvany, Brugal, & Torrens, 2011), Sweden (NyhlØn, Fridell, Hesse, & Krantz, 2011, Denmark (Arendt, Munk-Jorgensen, Sher, & Jensen, 2011), and Germany (Holtmann et al, 2011). Followup based on registry data with only a single assessment of substance use patterns at baseline, however, does not allow us to look at any changes in consumption pattern and development over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors – Findings of two Waves

Gmel

Akré

Astudillo

et al. 2015

SUCHT

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Abstract. Aim: To summarize published findings in peer-reviewed journals of the first two waves of the Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), a longitudinal study assessing risk and protective factors of 5,987 young men during the phase of emerging adulthood (20 years at baseline, followed-up 15 months later). Methods: Included were 33 studies published until November 2014 focusing on substance use. Results: Substance use in early adulthood is a prevalent and stable behavior. The 12-month prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription drugs (10.6 %) lies between that of cannabis (36.4 %) and other illicit drugs such as ecstasy (3.7 %) and cocaine (3.2 %). Although peer pressure in the form of misconduct is associated with increased substance use, other aspects such as peer involvement in social activities may have beneficial effects. Regular sport activities are associated with reduced substance use, with the exception of alcohol use. Young men are susceptible to structural conditions such as the price of alcohol beverages or the density of on-premise alcohol outlets. Particularly alcohol use in public settings such as bars, discos or in parks (compared with private settings such as the home) is associated with alcohol-related harm, including injuries or violence. Being a single parent versus nuclear family has no effect on alcohol use, but active parenting does. Besides parenting, religiousness is an important protective factor for both legal and illegal substance use. Merely informing young men about the risks of substance use may not be an effective preventive measure. At-risk users of licit and illicit substances are more health literate, e. g., for example, they seek out more information on the internet than non-at-risk-users or abstainers. Discussion: There are a number of risk and protective substance use factors, but their associations with substance use do not necessarily agree with those found outside Europe. In the United States, for example, heavy alcohol use in this age group commonly takes place in private settings, whereas in Switzerland it more often takes place in public settings. Other behaviors, such as the nonmedical use of prescription drugs, appear to be similar to those found overseas, which may show the need for targeted preventive actions. C-SURF findings point to the necessity of establishing European studies to identify factors for designing specific preventive actions.

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Incidence of psychopathology in a cohort of young heroin and/or cocaine users

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Psychiatric comorbidity in a sample of cocaine-dependent outpatients seen in the Community of Madrid drug addiction care network

Psychiatric comorbidity in a sample of cocaine-dependent outpatients seen in the Community of Madrid drug addiction care network

Psicopatología y funciones ejecutivas en adictos a la cocaína

The Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors – Findings of two Waves

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