Incidence of Ruminal Parakeratosis in Calves Fed Different Rations and Its Relation to Volatile Fatty Acid Absorption

Bull, L. S.; Bush, L.J.; Friend, J.D.; Harris, Brian; Jones, Elizabeth W.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(65)88499-5

Cited by 79 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These results confirm earlier observations of proliferation of rumen epithelium at high intakes of easily fermentable carbohydrates (Bull, Bush, Friend, Harris & Jones, 1965;Dirksen et al 1984). Probably, the reason for the stimulatory effect of diets rich in carbohydrates is an increased production of short-chain fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

THE EFFECT OF DIET, INTRARUMINAL pH AND OSMOLARITY ON SODIUM, CHLORIDE AND MAGNESIUM ABSORPTION FROM THE TEMPORARILY ISOLATED AND WASHED RETICULO‐RUMEN OF SHEEP

Gaebel¹,

Martens²,

Suendermann³

et al. 1987

Exp Physiol

105

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SUMMARYSix mature sheep fitted with rumen fistulae underwent four consecutive feeding periods, of 15 weeks each, i.e. (1) hay only; (2) 36% hay, 64% concentrate; (3) 10% hay, 90% concentrate; and (4) hay only again. The net absorption of sodium, chloride and magnesium from the washed rumen filled with artificial rumen fluids was tested during each feeding period. The artificial rumen fluids varied either in osmolarity (315 and 422 mosmol 1-1) or in pH (6 78 and 4-79). Further, the surface area of rumen papillae was determined. The feeding of increasing proportions of concentrate resulted in an increase of the surface area of rumen papillae and in an elevated net absorption of sodium, chloride and magnesium. Hypertonicity (422 mosmol 1-1) of the artificial rumen fluid caused net influx of water into the rumen but did not influence net absorption of the electrolytes irrespective of the feeding regimen. When the pH was lowered this led to a decrease in net absorption of sodium, chloride and magnesium and in transmural potential difference. The extent of the pH-induced decrease in net ion transport and potential difference was less in sheep receiving high-concentrate diets. When only hay was fed after the period of feeding 90 % concentrate diets the surface area of the papillae, the absorptive capacity of the rumen epithelium and the resistance against low pH returned to control levels. The findings show a reversible adaptive response of rumen epithelial functions to different diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

THE EFFECT OF DIET, INTRARUMINAL pH AND OSMOLARITY ON SODIUM, CHLORIDE AND MAGNESIUM ABSORPTION FROM THE TEMPORARILY ISOLATED AND WASHED RETICULO‐RUMEN OF SHEEP

Gaebel¹,

Martens²,

Suendermann³

et al. 1987

Exp Physiol

105

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“…As a result, high levels of grain are typically included in beef finishing diets. Although fibre sources are usually not a cost-effective source of energy, low levels are routinely included in finishing diets to stimulate rumination and salivation, thereby helping to maintain rumen health and function (Bull et al 1965;Haskins et al 1969). Per unit weight, lipids contain more than twice the energy of grains and they are frequently included in diets to increase energy density.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of full-fat hemp seed on performance and tissue fatty acids of feedlot cattle

Gibb¹,

Shah²,

Mir³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2005. Effect of full-fat hemp seed on performance and tissue fatty acids of feedlot cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 223-230. Sixty individually penned steers (380 ± 39 kg) were fed barley-based finishing diets containing 0 (control), 9 or 14% full-fat hemp seed (HS) and effects on performance and tissue fatty acid profiles were assessed. At harvest, samples of pars costalis diaphragmatis (PCD) and brisket fat were collected from each carcass. Feeding HS did not affect (P > 0.25) dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), or gain feed -1 . Carcass traits were also unaffected (P > 0.35) by treatment. Feeding HS linearly increased (P < 0.001) proportions of C18:0, C18:3 and C18:1 trans-9 in PCD, and 18:2 trans, trans in both PCD and brisket fat. As well, HS linearly increased cis-9 trans-11 CLA (P < 0.001), total saturates (P = 0.002) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (P = 0.01) in PCD. The presence of C20:4, C20:5 and C22:5 was detected only in tissues of cattle supplemented with HS (P < 0.06). Linear reductions (P < 0.002) in C16:1 cis, C17:1, C18:1 cis-9, C20:1, and total unsaturates in PCD, as well as linear decreases in C17:0 (P = 0.04) and C17:1 (P < 0.001) in brisket fat were observed when HS was fed. Levels of HS up to 14% of dietary DM exerted no detrimental effect on the growth or feed efficiency of cattle as compared to cattle fed a standard barley-based finishing diet. Including HS in the diet had both positive (increased CLA content) and negative (increased trans and saturated fats) effects on fatty acid profiles of beef tissues. Soixante bouvillons (380 ± 39 kg) gardés dans des enclos distincts ont reçu une ration de finition à base d'orge contenant 0 (témoin), 9 ou 14 % de graines de chanvre non délipidées (HS). On a étudié l'incidence d'une telle ration sur le rendement et la composition des acides gras dans les tissus. À l'abattage, on a prélevé des échantillons du gras du pars costalis diaphragmatis (PCD) et de la pointe de poitrine de chaque carcasse. L'ingestion de HS ne modifie pas (P > 0,25) l'ingestion de matière sèche, le gain quotidien moyen ni le gain selon le type d'aliment. Les paramètres de la carcasse ne sont pas affectés (P > 0,35) non plus par le traitement. L'ingestion de HS accroît de façon linéaire (P < 0,001) la proportion de C18:0, de C18:3 et de C18:1 trans-9 dans le PCD et de 18:2 trans, trans dans le PCD et la pointe de poitrine. Le HS augmente aussi linéairement la quantité d'acide linoléique conjugué cis-9-trans-11 (P < 0,001), d'acides gras saturés totaux (P = 0,002) et d'acides gras polyinsaturés (P = 0,01) dans le PCD. On n'a décelé la présence de C20:4, de C20:5 et de C22:5 que dans les tissus des bovins à qui on avait donné du HS (P < 0,06). L'administration de HS entraîne une diminution linéaire (P < 0,002) du C16:1 cis, du C17:1, du C18:1 cis-9, du C20:1 et de l'ensemble des acides gras insaturés dans le PCD ainsi qu'une baisse linéaire du C17:0 (P = 0,04) et du C17:1 (P < 0,001) dans le gras de la pointe de poitrine. Jusqu'à concurrence de 14 % de la m...

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“…This may provoke a greater friction among the particles of food and mucosa. The very low fibre content in the diet causes the incidence of parakeratosis in the animals which consumed more concentrate (Bull et al 1965). Jones et al (1972) mentioned that the large amount of silica (biogenic) may also influence the utilization of other nutrients.…”

Section: Histology:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed Formulation of Wild Gaur Based on the Gross Structure and Histomorphology of Forestomach.

Annie¹,

Shruti²,

Patil³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Incidence of Ruminal Parakeratosis in Calves Fed Different Rations and Its Relation to Volatile Fatty Acid Absorption

Cited by 79 publications

References 12 publications

THE EFFECT OF DIET, INTRARUMINAL pH AND OSMOLARITY ON SODIUM, CHLORIDE AND MAGNESIUM ABSORPTION FROM THE TEMPORARILY ISOLATED AND WASHED RETICULO‐RUMEN OF SHEEP

THE EFFECT OF DIET, INTRARUMINAL pH AND OSMOLARITY ON SODIUM, CHLORIDE AND MAGNESIUM ABSORPTION FROM THE TEMPORARILY ISOLATED AND WASHED RETICULO‐RUMEN OF SHEEP

Effect of full-fat hemp seed on performance and tissue fatty acids of feedlot cattle

Feed Formulation of Wild Gaur Based on the Gross Structure and Histomorphology of Forestomach.

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