Incidence of Theta Rhythm Prior to Awareness of a Visual Stimulus

Eeg Correlates of Threshold Regulation as a Function of Stimulus Wavelength: A Comparison Between Normal Subjects and Psychiatric Patients

“…These effects, which may depend upon the existence of extra-visual retino-hypothalamic pathways as distinguished in various subhuman species (Jacobs & Morgane, 1964 ;Feldman, 1964), include the unique influence of red light upon hypothalamic responsiveness (Benoit, 1964). I n this connexion, red light has been shown to evoke sympathetic excitation* (Birren, 1959), and emotional disturbance (Drechsler, 1960(Drechsler, ,1961, inhumansubjects; moreover,in the f i s t part ofthe present experiment a 'red' stimulus appeared to evoke a stronger relation between alpha and threshold than did a 'green' stimulus. (Walter & Walter (1949), have also reported the 'dramatic' effect upon the EEG of photic driving with a red light; 'the effect includes an increased incidence of spikes and high frequency components'.…”

Controlling Working Memory Operations by Selective Gating: The Roles of Oscillations and Synchrony

“…In humans, theta oscillations (4-8 Hz) in humans have originally been associated with recordings of awareness-related brain states ( Cobb & Muller, 1954 ; Daniel, 1967 ; Dixon & Lear, 1964 ). The link between theta oscillations and WM was discovered through EEG recordings, first in rats ( Landfield, McGaugh, & Tusa, 1972 ) and then in humans performing an N-back task ( Gevins et al, 1997 ).…”

Unconscious perception re-revisited: A comment on Merikle’s (1982) paper

“…but admits to no awareness of either capacity"- (Weiskrantz et al, 1974, p. 723); experiments on binocular rivalry (Walker, 1978) ; studies of perceptual defense (1) using the method of "closed loop control" Copyright 1984 Psychonomic Society , Inc. (Dixon, 19S8, 1960 ;Dixon & Haider, 1961 ;Henley , 1974 ;Henley & Dixon , 1976) , (2) involving investigations of changes in the EEG (Dixon & Lear , 1963, 1964Emrich & Heinemann, 1966), (3) employing the methodology of signal detection theory (Broadbent & Gregory, 1967 ;Dorfman, 1967;Hardy & Legge, 1968), and (4) using a sensory scaling approach (Worthington, 1969); pheromonal studies (e .g., Cowley , Johnson, & Brooksbanck, 1977 ;Kirk-Smith, Booth, Carroll , & Davies, 1978); studies concerned with the effects of material, of which subjects remain unaware, on the unattended channel in dichotic listening (e.g., Corteen & Dunn, 1974 ;Corteen & Wood, 1972;Forster & Govier, 1978 ;Govier & Pitts, 1982 ;Henley & Dixon, 1974;Lewis, 1970 ;Mackay, 1973;Myke1 & Daves, 1979), dichoptic viewing (philpott & Wilding, 1979;Somekh & Wilding, 1973), and other attentional paradigms (e.g., Bradshaw, 1974 ;Underwood, 1976Underwood, , 1977, to name but a few. It should be emphasized that much of this research was not carried out with the purpose of demonstrating the phenomena of perception without awareness.…”