Incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease

Shapiro, Stephen J.; Friedman, Nathan B.; Perzik, S. L.; Catz, Boris

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197012)26:6<1261::aid-cncr2820260613>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 128 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…expression than papillary hyperplasia of Graves' disease. A relationship has been suggested between Graves' disease and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid (31,32). Approximately 4% of patients with papillary carcinoma have Graves' disease (1), whereas the incidence of Graves' disease in the general population is approximately 2.7% in women and is approximately only one tenth as frequent in men (33).…”

Section: Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p27kip1 Expression Distinguishes Papillary Hyperplasia in Graves' Disease from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2000

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In most cases, the histopathologic and cytologic distinction between Graves' disease and papillary thyroid carcinoma is relatively easy, but on occasion Graves' disease may simulate a thyroid papillary carcinoma. For example, papillary fronds with fibrovascular cores may be present in both Graves' disease and papillary carcinoma. p27 kip1 (p27) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory protein that has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor in a variety of human tumors. Our previous studies of p27 expression in hyperplastic and neoplastic endocrine lesions showed that the level of p27 was quite different in these two conditions. To determine if this distinction could also be made between Graves' disease and papillary carcinoma, we analyzed expression of p27 and other cell cycle proteins in a series of cases of Graves' disease with papillary hyperplasia and a series of papillary thyroid carcinomas. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 61 randomly selected patients with thyroid disease, including 29 cases of Graves' disease with papillary architectural features and 32 cases of papillary carcinoma, were analyzed for expression of p27, Ki-67, and DNA topoisomerase II ␣ (topo II ␣) by immunostaining. The distribution of immunoreactivity was analyzed by quantifying the percentage of positive nuclei that was expressed as the labeling index (LI) plus or minus the standard error of the mean. The papillary hyperplasia of Graves' disease had a p27 LI of 68.2 ؎ 3.1 (range, 24 to 88), whereas papillary carcinomas had a LI of 25.6 ؎ 2.5 (range, 12 to 70) (P < .0001). No significant differences in Ki-67 or topo II ␣ expression were identified between papillary hyperplasia in Graves' disease and papillary carcinoma. These results indicate that p27 protein expression is significantly higher in papil-

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Section: Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p27kip1 Expression Distinguishes Papillary Hyperplasia in Graves' Disease from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2000

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“…All the above data were based on patients treated with subtotal thyroidectomy. However, later studies by Shapiro et al on patients with Graves' disease demonstrated an unsuspected thyroid cancer in 8.7 % of them [ 5 ] . This increase was probably observed due to the fact that the patients were treated with total thyroidectomy; a more intense histological examination of the surgical specimen further increased the chances of diagnosing thyroid cancer [ 6 , 7 ] .…”

Section: Introduction ▼mentioning

confidence: 97%

Thyroid Cancer in Patients with Hyperthyroidism

2012

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“…Mazzafferi [6] in his series on the management of solitary thyroid nodules had female to male ratio of 4:1. The average age of 172 patients with thyroid masses reported by Shapiro et al [7] was 36 years. 92% of the thyroid masses presented clinically as solitary nodules affecting predominantly the right lobe of the gland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Surgical Experience in the Management of 125 Patients with Thyroid Masses in Kashmir

Sheikh¹,

Bunafsha²,

Afshan³

2015

IJOHNS

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Results of surgical treatment in 125 patients with thyroid masses who attended to a Unit of the Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery of Govt. Medical College associated SMHS Hospital Srinagar in the first decade of this century are presented. Age of the patients ranged from 17 to 68 years peaking in the fourth decade of life ( Figure 1 and Figure 2). Near 85% of the patients with thyroid masses were female and most of the cases (76%) euthyroid at the time of presentation. Depending upon the expertise of the pathologist, the FNA cytology has a good role in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid masses especially the malignant types (Figure 3 and Figure 4). The specificity of FNA cytology in detecting malignant thyroid tumors in this study was 100% and the sensitivity was 73.08%. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 83.20%. 45.60% of the thyroid masses proved on excision biopsy to be malignant of which papillary carcinoma continued to be the most common malignant thyroid tumor followed by the medullary, the follicular and the undifferentiated types. Radionuclide scanning gave equivocal results in distinguishing between the benign and the malignant thyroid nodules in this study, but it was useful in evaluating indeterminate cases of FNA cytology. Magnetic resonance imaging of neck was used as an adjunctive imaging modality in assessing the extent of the primary malignant thyroid lesion, its direct extra-thyroidal spread and regional nodal metastases ( Figure 5 and Figure 6). Different surgical techniques utilized in dealing with the thyroid masses included partial thyroidectomies and total thyroidectomy with or without modified neck dissection and the results are discussed.

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Incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease

Cited by 128 publications

References 10 publications

p27kip1 Expression Distinguishes Papillary Hyperplasia in Graves' Disease from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

p27kip1 Expression Distinguishes Papillary Hyperplasia in Graves' Disease from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Thyroid Cancer in Patients with Hyperthyroidism

Surgical Experience in the Management of 125 Patients with Thyroid Masses in Kashmir

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