Incidence of Traumatic Optic Neuropathy In Closed head trauma-Review of literature.

Abstract

Conclusion: The incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) in closed traumatic head injury in various studies ranges from 0.5-5%. In our study, TON was observed in closed head injuries involving frontal bone. Motor vehicle and bicycle accidents account for the majority of causes, followed by falls and assaults. Patients with traumatic optic neuropathy can present with a variable degree of vision loss (decreased visual acuity, visual field abnormalities, or loss of color vision). Most cases (up to 60%) present with severe vision loss of light perception (LP) or worse.In the acute phase, the optic nerve usually appears normal on funduscopic examination, but optic nerve atrophy is often seen 3-6 weeks after the injury.

Endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression for pediatric traumatic optic neuropathy with no light perception

“…In China, the incidence of road traffic accident induced TON is on the rise. The rate of incidence has been reported about 0.5% to 5% in closed head trauma cases [1] . Initial clinical findings of TON include sudden decrease of visual acuity or visual field defect, a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), and normal appearance of the optic nerve head on clinical retinal examination.…”

“…According to our unpublished data, for totally 45 TON cases with no light perception before ETOCD procedure, 68.9% patients improved visual acuity with varying degrees after surgery. Absence of an optic canal fracture is still a controversial prognostic factor [1] . In our study, optic canal fracture is not the most important factor for prognosis.…”