Incidence of twisted disease and cultivation practice of shallot farmers in Bantul coastal area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum L.) is an important commodity in horticulture and Indonesian foods. In Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, shallot twisted diseases caused by Fusarium spp. significantly reduced yield quality and quantity. Supportive condition for plant-pathogen interaction needed for twisted disease development. This research aimed to measure the twisted disease incidence and observe the cultivation practice applied by shallot farmers in the Bantul coastal area as environmental aspects of the twisted disease to be a pre-study for further research on metagenomic analysis. This research had conducted in three sub-villages with different agroecosystems in the coastal area: Sono, Samiran, and Depok. Data were collected in shallot cultivation period in dry and rainy seasons from three farmers of each area. The higher disease incidence in the rainy season occurred in the Samiran sub-village at 33.97%, while in the dry season, disease incidence occurred in the Depok sub-village at 20.14%. Sono sub-village had the lowest disease incidence in rainy and dry seasons at 12.44% and 0%. Farmer cultivation practice may drive disease incidence due to environmental factors such as shallot variety, spacing between plants, fertilizer, and fungicides. Hence, further study is needed to understand plant-pathogen interaction with metagenomics through samples from 2 and 6 WAP in rainy seasons.

Enrichment of organic material with Trichoderma asperellum for the management of twisted disease on shallot

“…Fusarium attack shallots during the rainy season, leading to twisted disease (Wibowo et al, 2023). The pathogen, Fusarium spp., is a soil-borne pathogen characterized by purplish-white, slightly orange-white, cream, or white-like cotton colonies.…”

Shallot (Allium Cepa Var. Aggregatum) Genotypes and Their Crossbreds Resistance to Fusarium Wilt Disease

“…The Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a foremost threat to shallot production. In particular, percent incidence and yield losses due to the Fusarium wilt disease in shallot crops increase with a predicted continuing trend (Wibowo et al, 2023). The Fusarium wilt can reduce bulb yield by up to 50% (Hadiwiyono et al, 2020).…”

Distribution and level of damage by basal stem rot disease (Fusarium oxysporum f sp cepae) on shallots in West Sumatera

“…Mariani et al [6]'s research disclosed that all shallots in West Nusa Tenggara were affected by moler disease, with an average incidence rate of 64.71%, primarily caused by Nectria haematococca [6]. Meanwhile, Wibowo et al [7] observed shallot farming practices in the Bantul coastal area, noting that during the rainy season, Samiran sub-village had the highest disease incidence at 33.97%, whereas during the dry season, Depok sub-village experienced a 20.14% incidence rate. Sono sub-village exhibited the lowest disease rates, at 12.44% and 0% during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively.…”