Incidence of venous and paradoxical air embolism in neurosurgical patients in the sitting position: Detection by transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract

VAE detected by TEE appeared in all patients undergoing neurosurgery in the sitting position and PAE only occurred following the most severe grade of VAE. To prevent growth of VAE is an important prophylactic for PAE.

Paradoxical air embolism resulted in acute myocardial infarction and massive ischemic brain injury in a patient operated on in a sitting position

“…При этом могут воз-никать ишемические повреждения любых органов, однако наиболее часто поражаются головной мозг, кожные покровы, миокард [1,2,5]. Частота встре-чаемости открытого овального окна в популяции, по данным разных авторов (прежде всего по резуль-татам секционного исследования случайных неото-бранных умерших от разных причин), составляет от 5 до 33% [3,5,13,15]. Предоперационное обследо-вание, включающее трансторакальную допплеро-графию с проведением теста Вальсальвы и примене-нием контраста, не позволяет у 1 / 3 -1 / 2 части паци-ентов выявить данную аномалию [16].…”

Management of Inadvertent Injury to Superior Sagittal Sinus in Parasagittal Meningioma: Technical Note

“…As such, the incidence of VAE remains relatively uncertain and it is usually judged based on symptomatic cases. The sitting position, for instance, carries a risk for VAE ranging between 9.3% and 82.6% [6][7][8][9][10]. The upper end of high risk was reported in posterior fossa surgery performed in the sitting position.…”

Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome: Positional Reversal of the Interatrial Pressure Gradient Demonstrated by Atrial Septal Motion

“…Its presence is mandatory for the development of the syndrome, it is usually easy to demonstrate by echocardiography and by fixing it, and the patient's desaturation and symptoms improve Patients who undergo neurosurgical procedures performed in the sitting position, have a higher risk of paradoxical venous emboli through PFO's [5] which might be also related to a change in the interatrial gradient in the upright position. The patients who had significant paradoxical air emboli in the study had higher pulmonary artery pressure during these episodes.…”