Incidence of viral disease mosaic symptom and vector insects’ presence in several soybean varieties in pine agroforestry system

Abstract

Pine dan soybean agroforestry represents an initiative to enhance land productivity and yield. Nevertheless, various viruses could infect soybeans in agroforestry. Mosaic disease is a predominant viral disease affecting soybeans. This research was conducted at KHDTK (Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus) Forestry Alas Bromo in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The study aimed to observe the disease incidence and vector presence in some soybean varieties in the pine agroforestry system. A Randomized Block Design was used for the experiment, encompassing seven treatments of varieties. The varieties were Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, Dena-1, Dena-2, Denasa-1, Denasa-2, and Devon-1. Planted at 2.4 x 3.6 m and replicated three times. The incidence of mosaic disease is observed based on symptoms, especially on the leaves’ surface in the form of chlorosis with mosaic pattern. Results indicated that mosaic symptoms were found in the field and the disease incidence was varied for each variety. Viral vectors visited the soybean varieties: Aphis glycine, Phenacoccus sp., thrips, and Bemisia tabaci.