Incidence, Prevalence, and Clearance of Type‐Specific Human Papillomavirus Infections: The Young Women’s Health Study

Abstract

The natural history of type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) infections was examined in a cohort of 331 women aged 18-35 years who self-referred for routine gynecological care. Participants underwent a gynecological examination at baseline and at approximately 4 and approximately 10 months after baseline. Cervical samples were collected for HPV testing and genotyping at each visit, as was information on reproductive, sexual, and medical histories. The rate of new HPV infections was 2.9% per month; the highest rates were observed for HPV types 16, 39, 84, and 51. Among women who tested negative for HPV at baseline, the cumulative probability of acquiring an oncogenic HPV strain during a 12-month follow-up period was 0.32, compared with 0.18 for nononcogenic strains. Women who had had >/=1 new male sex partner in the recent past were significantly more likely to acquire a new HPV infection (relative hazard, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-4.76). The median time to clearance of infection was significantly longer for oncogenic strains (9.8 months) than for nononcogenic strains (4.3 months).

Natural history and screening model for high‐risk human papillomavirus infection, neoplasia and cervical cancer in the Netherlands

“…After 6 months, 37% of the women had cleared the hrHPV infection (95% confidence interval [CI] [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], which is consistent with published percentages of 39% 36 and 36%. 37 The viral clearance did not depend on age. The incidence of hrHPV infection was estimated by a stochastic difference equation 38 in which the hrHPV-positivity of normal smears after 6 months (y(þ6)) is predicted from the current hrHPV-positivity (y), the 6-month incidence of clearing hrHPV (a) and the 6-month incidence of acquiring hrHPV (b).…”

Type-Specific Incidence and Persistence of HPV Infection among Young Women: A Prospective Study in North India

“…In another study of Canadian women, the overall infection incidence was 11.1% per year, with the highest rate (25.0%) in the 15-19 year age group (Sellors et al, 2003). The rate of new HPV infections in young women in the United States was 2.9% per month (Giuliano et al, 2002), and the three-year cumulative incidence was over 40% (Winer et al, 2003). In the present study, the rate of acquisition of new infections for any HPV type per 1000 woman-months was estimated 5 (95% CI: 4.0-6.3).…”

“…Acquisition of new HPV infection is common, particularly among sexually active young women, and the incidence appears to be higher for oncogenic than for nononcogenic types (Giuliano et al, 2002;Richardson et al, 2003). In Canadian university students, the incidence rate was 1.9% per month, and the cumulative rate was 18.0% at one year and 36.4% at two year follow-up (Richardson et al, 2003).…”

The effect of social determinants on immunization programs

“…Persistence of infection is the single most important risk factor in the development of cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions. 7,8 Genital HPV types have been subdivided into LR types which are the cause of external genital warts, 4 and HR types (n = 15) which have high oncogenic potential for progression to cervical cancer. Specifically, high risk types 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types found in cervical cancers worldwide and account for up to 70% of cervical cancers.…”