Incidence rates of specific histological types of lung cancer in Singapore Chinese dialect groups, and their aetiological significance

Law, C. H.; Shanmugaratnam, K; Day, Nicholas E.

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910170305

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In comparison to European series the proportion of adenocarcinoma has been high in Hong Kong (Chan & MacLennan, 1977) and also in Singapore (Law et al, 1976). In our series it amounted to 26% in men and 490 in women.…”

Section: Histological Typecontrasting

confidence: 57%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bronchial cancer in Hong Kong 1976-1977

Chan¹,

Colbourne²,

Fung³

et al. 1979

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary.-Bronchial cancer is a disease of high and increasing annual incidence in Hong Kong, especially in women, whose age-specific death rates from this cause are amongst the highest in the world.A case-control study of the relationship of bronchial cancer with smoking was carried out during 1976-77, taking particular note of the histological type of the tumour. Two hundred and eight male and 189 female patients were interviewed, covering about half the total number of cases of bronchial cancer registered as dead from the disease in Hong Kong during the period of the survey. The association with smoking was more evident in males than in females, and in squamous and small-cell types, as a group, than in adenocarcinoma. Forty-four per cent of the women with bronchial cancer were non-smokers, their predominant tumour being adenocarcinoma, and in them no association could be detected with place of residence or occupation. There was no strong evidence of an association with the use of kerosene or gas for cooking; 23 did not use kerosene. The cause of the cancer in these nonsmoking women remains unknown.

show abstract

Section: Histological Typecontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…In Singapore bronchial cancer, especially adenocarcinoma, occurs most frequently among Cantonese females (Law et al, 1976) and a case-control study showed that 18/39 Cantonese female victims were nonsmokers (MacLennan et al, 1977). Seventysix per cent of the Hong Kong population were classified Cantonese in the 1971 census (Hong Kong, 1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchial cancer in Hong Kong 1976-1977

Chan¹,

Colbourne²,

Fung³

et al. 1979

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lung cancer rates are high among non-smoking women in certain areas of China due to indoor cooking with poorly vented coal-fueled stoves (Fraumeni and Mason, 1974;Law et al, 1976). However, the relative risk for lung cancer associated with cigarette smoking is lower among women in Japan (Stellman et al, 2001) and China (Liu et al, 1998;Niu et al, 1998;Yuan et al, 1996) than in the West.…”

Section: Lung Cancer Risk In Asians Versus Caucasiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use and cancer: an epidemiologic perspective for geneticists

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Much of what is known about the deleterious effects of tobacco use on health was learned from epidemiologic studies over the last half century. These studies establish unequivocally that tobacco use, particularly manufactured cigarette smoking, causes most cancers of the lung, oropharynx, larynx, and esophagus in the USA, and approximately one-third of all cancers of the pancreas, kidney, urinary bladder and uterine cervix. More recent evidence also implicates smoking with cancers of the stomach, liver and colorectum. While over half of the estimated 440 000 smoking-attributable deaths that occur annually in the USA involve non-malignant cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, smoking-attributable cancers are more recognized and feared. Geneticists increasingly study tobacco use as a model for environmental carcinogenicity. Tobacco-exposed populations provide opportunities to characterize the somatic mutations that give rise to specific cancers and to identify the inherited genetic traits that confer susceptibility or resistance. Studies to identify the genetic determinants of addiction may be particularly important. Future research to identify other susceptibility factors, such as genes that modify carcinogen metabolism or DNA repair, will need to be substantially larger and to quantify lifetime tobacco exposure with more precision than have past studies in order to distinguish gradations in risk due to exposure from those caused by genetic susceptibility. This review considers: (a) the epidemiology of tobacco use; (b) cancers presently classified as smoking-attributable by the US Surgeon General; (c) the magnitude of the epidemic of cancers and other diseases caused by tobacco use; (d) selected issues in the epidemiology of lung cancer; and (e) the interface of genetics and epidemiology in understanding, preventing, and treating tobacco-attributable disease.

show abstract

“…Lung cancer in Hong Kong Chinese is peculiar in that there is a high incidence in females, a fact shared by Chinese populations in other parts of the world, including China, Singapore, California and Hawaii (China, 1979;Law et al, 1976;Waterhouse et al, 1976). This results in a very low male:female ratio of about 2:1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%