Incidence, risk factors and causative bacteria of urinary tract infections and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in toddlers and children: A report from two tertiary care hospitals

Amin, Ezzat; Zaid, Ali Mohammed Abo; Kotb, Abd El Rahman I; El-Gamasy, Mohamed Abdelaziz

doi:10.4103/1319-2442.279941

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility, our study revealed that E. coli isolates were more sensitive to meropenem and ertapenem in 99.2% of cases, followed by amikacin (99%), nitrofurantoin (96.8%), and imipenem (95.2%). These findings are in agreement with previous studies [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. And in disagreement with the study by Shar-iian et al in 2006 in Tehran, which reported that ceftriaxone (97.8%) and cefotaxime (95.2%) were the most sensitive antibiotics for E. coli [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in Children during COVID-19 2019–2020: A Large Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Altamimi,

Almazyed,

Alshammary

et al. 2023

Children

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Background: One of the most prevalent bacterial infections in children is urinary tract infection (UTI), which has become a major concern with increasing resistance of the pathogens to the routinely used antimicrobial agents. The aim of the study is to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pediatric UTI-causing pathogens, including ESBL-producing bacteria, in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted to ascertain the frequency of isolation and the antimicrobial resistance pattern of uropathogens among children aged 0–15 years. The data from the urine cultures was collected during 2019–2020 at the King Fahad Medical City, a major tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1022 urine samples from patients diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTIs) were collected for this study. Microbial species present in the samples were cultured and identified using standard biochemical techniques. To assess the resistance of these strains to antimicrobial drugs, an in vitro method was employed, and the criteria set by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) were followed. In addition, a double-disc synergy test was conducted to identify strains of E. coli that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Results: The predominant pathogens were E. coli (58.6%), followed by Klebsiella sp. (23.9%). E. coli isolates were more sensitive to meropenem and ertapenem in 99.2% of cases, followed by amikacin (99%). Klebsiella sp. were sensitive to amikacin in 97.1% of cases, followed by meropenem and ertapenem (92.2% in both). The highest sensitivities of antimicrobials toward ESBL were for meropenem and ertapenem (100% in both), followed by amikacin (99%). Conclusions: Our study recommends using local antibiotic sensitivity data for empirical UTI treatment. Amikacin, ertapenem, and meropenem are effective intravenous options. Cephalosporin, cefuroxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and nitrofurantoin are suitable oral choices. No significant changes in antimicrobial susceptibility were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to assess potential pandemic-related alterations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in Children during COVID-19 2019–2020: A Large Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Altamimi,

Almazyed,

Alshammary

et al. 2023

Children

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“…We identified a higher percentage of children coming from an urban background within the control group, but without statistical significance. UTIs have also been reported in other studies less frequently among children coming from urban areas [41,42]. On the other hand, conurbations seem to slightly increase the risk of UTIs among general populations, also in relation to risky sexual behaviors [41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Vitamin D Status and Its Role in First-Time and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children: A Case-Control Study

Muntean

Săsăran

2021

Children

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Vitamin D has emerged as a key factor in innate immunity. Its involvement in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) has gained a lot of attention recently. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and first-time or recurrent UTIs in children. A prospective, case-control study was conducted on 101 pediatric patients, who were divided into two groups: 59 patients with UTIs and 42 age-matched healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D was determined in each child and expressed in ng/mL. Vitamin D presented significantly lower values in study group subjects than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significantly higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was found in children with UTIs (p < 0.01). Patients with recurrent UTIs presented significantly lower levels of vitamin D than those with first-time UTIs (p = 0.04). Urinary tract abnormalities did not seem to exercise an additional effect upon vitamin D levels within the study group. In conclusion, first-time and recurrent UTIs are associated with lower vitamin D levels. Further studies are necessary to validate our findings, as well as future longitudinal research regarding efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in children with UTIs.

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“…It is in line with a study done in Northwest Ethiopia, which showed an overall prevalence of 16.7%, a study from Tanzania, which revealed a prevalence of 16.8% among children who presented prolonged duration of fever (7 days or longer) and another study from Nepal, which documented 15.88% [ 12 , 13 ]. Lower rates of between 7 and 11% have been reported in a survey of the prevalence of UTI in two Egyptian teaching hospital, a hospital-based study from South Africa and another study in Kenya on the contribution of urinary tract infection to the burden of febrile illnesses in young children [ 14-16 ]. Higher prevalence rates of pediatric UTIs were noted in two studies from Ethiopia at about 26.5 and 27.5% and another study in India also showed a 48% prevalence [ 12 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance pattern and uropathogens distribution in children visiting a referral hospital in Mogadishu

Mohamed,

Bastug,

Senol

et al. 2024

Future Science OA

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Aim: Studies concerning epidemiology and drug susceptibility patterns of pediatric urinary tract infection in developing countries are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern and uropathogens distribution in children. Method: Four-year retrospective study included 840 participants in all pediatric age groups whose urine had been cultured. Results: The prevalence of culture-proven pediatric UTIs was 17.6% (148/840). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen isolated from the cultures, accounting for (48%, 71/148), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.2%, 24/148). About 27% of the pathogens had a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pattern. A resistance rate against nitrofurantoin at 24.6%, fosfomycin at 15.2% and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SMX-TMP) at 79.7% was noted. Conclusion: E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common pathogens isolated.

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Incidence, risk factors and causative bacteria of urinary tract infections and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in toddlers and children: A report from two tertiary care hospitals

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in Children during COVID-19 2019–2020: A Large Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in Children during COVID-19 2019–2020: A Large Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Vitamin D Status and Its Role in First-Time and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children: A Case-Control Study

Antimicrobial resistance pattern and uropathogens distribution in children visiting a referral hospital in Mogadishu

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