Incidence, Survival, and Mortality Trends of Cancers Diagnosed in Adolescents and Young Adults (15–39 Years): A Population-Based Study in The Netherlands 1990–2016

Abstract

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients, aged 15–39 years at primary cancer diagnosis, form a distinct, understudied, and underserved group in cancer care. This study aimed to assess long-term trends in incidence, survival, and mortality of AYA cancer patients within the Netherlands. Data on all malignant AYA tumours diagnosed between 1990–2016 (n = 95,228) were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. European age-standardised incidence and mortality rates with average annual percentage change (AAPC) statistics and five-year relative survival rates were calculated. The overall cancer incidence increased from 54.6 to 70.3 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC: +1.37%) between 1990–2016, and increased for both sexes individually and for most cancer types. Five-year relative survival overall improved from 73.7% in 1990–1999 to 86.4% in 2010–2016 and improved for both sexes and most cancer types. Survival remained poor (<60%) for rhabdomyosarcoma, lung, stomach, liver, bladder, and pancreatic carcinomas, among others. Mortality rates among male AYAs overall declined from 10.8 to 6.6 (AAPC: −1.64%) and from 14.4 to 10.1 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC: −1.81%) for female AYAs since 1990. Mortality rates remained unchanged for male AYAs aged 20–24 and 25–29 years. In conclusion, over the past three decades, there has been a considerable increase in cancer incidence among AYAs in the Netherlands. Meanwhile, the survival improved and the mortality overall declined. Survival at five-years now well exceeds above 80%, but did not do so for all cancer types.

Determining Risk Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in Young Lung Cancer Patients: A Novel Optimization Algorithm

“…(7) Clustering stopping rule: If |D j+1 − D j | < 0.01, then stop further dividing and clustering. (8) Regarding the determination of number of clusters, we adopted the method proposed by Wang [25], the optimal algorithm will iterate in order to classify factors into different numbers of clusters, calculate the cluster cost (in this study, we used the mean sum of squares within clusters as the cluster cost measurement) and compare the sums of squares between clusters. If the sum of squares of k clusters did not show statistically significant difference from k + 1 clusters, the optimal number of clusters is determined as k.…”

“…The economic burden of treatments and care for lung cancer has also globally increased in recent years [ 6 , 7 ]. Published studies have showed that lung cancer is significantly associated with older age (70 years old being the average age of initial diagnosis) [ 7 , 8 ], but very low incidence rate in young people aged 20–40 years around the world [ 8 ]. In recent decades, due to the dramatic improvements of clinical treatments and screening techniques for lung cancer, the survival of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients has been significantly prolonged [ 9 , 10 ] and the incidence rate in young patients with lung cancer also increased [ 1 , 5 , 8 ].…”

“…Published studies have showed that lung cancer is significantly associated with older age (70 years old being the average age of initial diagnosis) [ 7 , 8 ], but very low incidence rate in young people aged 20–40 years around the world [ 8 ]. In recent decades, due to the dramatic improvements of clinical treatments and screening techniques for lung cancer, the survival of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients has been significantly prolonged [ 9 , 10 ] and the incidence rate in young patients with lung cancer also increased [ 1 , 5 , 8 ]. Published studies also showed that young patients with lung cancer had better treatment outcomes of receiving surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy and have relatively longer relapse-free survival, which indicates that young lung cancer patients are more likely to have prolonged survival [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Fertility preservation and management of pregnancy in melanoma patients requiring systemic therapy

“…In fact, melanoma is one of the most common cancers in adolescents and young adults, especially in women. 9 , 10 , 11 …”

Comprehensive Assessment of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mechanisms of Impaired Medical and Psychosocial Health Outcomes among Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: Protocol of the Prospective Observational COMPRAYA Cohort Study

“…Nevertheless, population-based cancer registry data have generally shown poorer survival of AYAs compared with children and older adults [ 11 , 12 ]. Nonetheless, more recently, decreases in mortality rates for all AYAs combined were found, although with notable differences by tumor type [ 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”