Incidence, Types, and Lifetime Risk of Adult-Onset Strabismus

Martinez‐Thompson, Jennifer M.; Diehl, Nancy N.; Holmes, Jonathan M.; Mohney, Brian G.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.030

Cited by 115 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a study of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, divergence insufficiency esotropia was present in 10.6% of adult strabismus cases, at a median age of 74 years (range 19–92 years). 3 In the same population, as age increased, the proportion of adult strabismus patients with divergence insufficiency also increased, with a significant age trend for both men and women. 3 …”

Section: Typical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia: Surgical Treatment

Pineles

2015

American Orthoptic Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Divergence insufficiency esotropia, or acquired comitant esotropia that is at least 10Δ larger at distance than at near, is most often seen in older adults, and may also be known as “age-related distance esotropia.” Surgical treatment is often indicated for patients who do not tolerate prism therapy, or for those with large angles of esotropia. Surgical treatments have evolved with our understanding of the disease-state. Currently, accepted treatments include lateral rectus resection and medial rectus recession. These surgeries can be performed unilaterally or bilaterally. New surgical techniques such as lateral rectus equatorial myopexy are under investigation and may hold promise as future therapies.

show abstract

Section: Typical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia: Surgical Treatment

Pineles

2015

American Orthoptic Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recent epidemiological study found the annual incidence of adult-onset superior oblique palsy to be 6.3 cases per 100,000 people, but significantly higher in men than women (Martinez-Thompson 2014). In children younger than 19 years of age, the annual incidence was 3.4 cases per 100,000 (Tollefson 2006), with 31% of vertical strabismus in children attributed to superior oblique palsy, of equal incidence by gender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy

Chang¹,

Coleman²,

Tseng³

et al. 2017

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Superior oblique palsy is a common cause of vertical strabismus in adults and children. Patients may be symptomatic from binocular vertical diplopia or compensatory head tilt required to maintain single vision. Most patients who are symptomatic elect to undergo strabismus surgery, but the optimal surgical treatment for vertical strabismus in people with superior oblique palsy is unknown. Objectives To assess the relative effects of surgical treatments compared with another surgical intervention, non-surgical intervention, or observation for vertical strabismus in people with superior oblique palsy. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (2016, Issue 12), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 13 December 2016), Embase Ovid (1947 to 13 December 2016), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database (LILACS) (1982 to 13 December 2016), the ISRCTN registry (www.isrctn.com/editAdvancedSearch); searched 13 December 2016, ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov); searched 13 December 2016, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en); searched 13 December 2016. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. Selection criteria We included randomized trials that compared at least one type of surgical intervention to another surgical or non-surgical intervention or observation. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently completed eligibility screening, data abstraction, ’Risk of bias’ assessment, and grading of the evidence. Main results We identified two randomized trials comparing four different surgical treatments for this condition, two methods in each trial. The studies included a total of 45 children and adults. The surgical treatments were all procedures to weaken the ipsilateral inferior oblique muscle. One study compared inferior oblique myectomy to recession of 10 mm; the other study compared inferior oblique disinsertion to anterior transposition (2 mm anterior to the temporal border of the inferior rectus insertion). We judged both studies to be at unclear risk of bias due to incomplete reporting of methods and other methodological deficiencies. Neither study reported data on the primary outcome of this review, which was the proportion of participants with postoperative surgical success, defined as hypertropia less than 3 prism diopters (PD) in primary gaze. However, both studies reported the average reduction in hypertropia in primary gaze. One study found that at 12 months’ postoperatively the average decrease in hypertropia was higher in participants who underwent inferior oblique myectomy than in those who underwent recession, however data were not available for statistical comparison. The other trial found that after at least six months of follow-up, the mean decrease in primary position hypertropia was lower in participants who und...

show abstract

“…Şaşılık, değerlendirilen yaş grubuna göre değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte, tüm dünyadaki görülme sıklığı %1 ile %5 arasında bildirilmektedir (1,2) . Olguların önemli bir kısmı ezotropya (ET) ve egzotropya (XT) olmak üzere horizontal tip kaymalardır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified