ABSTRACT. A case of multiple primary tumors observed in the heart base and in the lung of a 7-year-old intact female, flat-coated retriever was reported. Morphological differences between both tumors and detailed immunohistochemical study revealed that the cardiac neoplasm was as a malignant aortic body tumor and the lung tumor was a pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma. The occurrence of aortic body tumor with other primary neoplasms has been previously reported in animals suggesting that this might be a common presentation in dogs.KEY WORDS: aortic body tumor, canine, multiple tumor, pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 71(9): 1221-1223, 2009 Multiple primary tumors (MPTs) were defined as multiple autonomously originating tumors in an individual patient by Warren and Gates [18]. The occurrence of more than 1 primary cancer in an animal, previously only a medical curiosity, has now become a worldwide problem; however, there are few studies on this interesting entity in veterinary literature [8,9,16]. The present paper describes the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of a malignant aortic body chemodectoma and pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma (PHS) in a flat-coated retriever.A 7-year-old intact female, flat-coated retriever was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital, Gifu University, Japan, with severe dyspnea. Thoracic X-ray images revealed severe pleural effusion and a large heart-base tumor. At needle thoracocentesis an opaque, red-whitish (chylous effusion) fuid was observed. A sample of the pleural effusion was collected for cytology, which demonstrated mesothelial cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes, suggestive of modified transudate. Neoplastic cells were not observed. Despite symptomatic treatment, in early July, she showed severe subcutaneous edema and dyspnea and died during hospitalization.Necropsy revealed 2 hard, encapsulated, reddish, coalescent masses (8 7 6 cm and 3 3 2 cm) arising at the heart base, around the ascending aorta (Fig. 1a). Moreover, a large (7 5 cm) whitish mass with an irregular surface was observed in the right caudal pulmonary lobe (Fig. 2a). The thoracic cavity contained approximately 2.5 l of an opaque, red-whitish fluid (chylous effusion) with a moderate amount of fibrin, hydropericardium, concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricule, and ascites. On the other organs, abnormality was not seen.In microscopic observation, the cardiac neoplasm was comprised of multiple lobules separated by fine connective tissue septa. The tumor cells were cuboidal to polyhedral with lightly basophilic granular cytoplasm and prominent round nuclei (Fig. 1b). Mitotic figures were frequent, and some blood vessels showed neoplastic invasion. In the lung, round to polyhedral tumor cells arranged in a solid pattern were observed to replace the pulmonary parenchyma, while there were areas preserving normal alveolar and bronchiolar architecture. These cells had ample eosinophilic cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei (Fig. 2b). Binucleated and multinucleated giant cells, a small n...