Including or Excluding Civil Society? The Role of the Mediation Mandate for South Sudan (2013–2015) and Zimbabwe (2008–2009)

Pring, Jamie

doi:10.1080/19392206.2017.1352394

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…By including more people than only South Sudan's elite group, it seeks to end the ongoing conflict in that country. The South Sudanese civil society then participated in the "stakeholder phase" of the negotiations between May and September 2014 (Pring, 2017). There is evidence that South Sudan's civil society currently holds a variety of opinions about the war and potential solutions.…”

Section: The Intergovernmental Authority On Development and The Inclu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…South Sudan also experienced hyperinflation at the same time. Between September 2015 and September 2016, the Consumer Price Index rose 682.1 percent annually, according to the South Sudan Bureau of Statistics (Pring, 2017). This undoubtedly affects the ability and capacity of civil society organizations to contribute to and participate in the South Sudanese peacebuilding process.…”

Section: The Intergovernmental Authority On Development and The Inclu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Civil Society and Peace

Ginanjar

2022

NSJIS

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South Sudan is one of the countries that has been hit by internal conflict since its independence in 2011. This article basically describes the involvement of civil society in peace negotiations in South Sudan. Using the literature study method and through the concepts of civil society and peace, this article reviews and analyzes the extent to which local civil society is involved in the peace negotiation process in South Sudan. This article has a finding that civil society participation in peace efforts in South Sudan is quite high, but not significant. This is an implication of the conflict pattern which tends to be structural. On the other hand, limited resources, both technical and material, are a major obstacle in relation to the ability of civil society in South Sudan to engage in peace efforts. Thus, as far as civil society is involved in peace efforts in South Sudan, their presence is only a mere formality, while the main decision remains with the political elites in South Sudan.

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Section: The Intergovernmental Authority On Development and The Inclu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Intergovernmental Authority On Development and The Inclu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Civil Society and Peace

Ginanjar

2022

NSJIS

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“…Mediators are increasingly mandated to incorporate rights‐based norms such as gender equality and transitional justice into their interventions (Fuentes Julio and Drummond 2017; Hayner 2018; Lorentzen 2020). While scholars have focused on how mediators promote such norms (Vuković 2020), the situations and dilemmas where norms and values clash (Kraus et al 2019), and case studies on the spread and diffusion of specific norms (Zahar 2012; Pring 2017; Hellmüller 2019b), analysis of the role of norms per se is still emerging in Track Two literature. There is dedicated scholarship on the ideational parameters of conducting Track Two diplomacy in the Asia‐Pacific region (Job 2003; Acharya 2014), given the strongly held normative frameworks of quiet diplomacy and nonintervention in the region (Ramcharan 2000), but more broadly framed scholarship around norms of inclusivity and local ownership (Çuhadar and Paffenholz 2019; Allen 2020; Gamaghelyan 2020) urge further research into these themes.…”

Section: The Normative Turn In Conflict Resolution: the Third Generation Of Track Two Theory?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Normative Turn in Track Two Diplomacy? A Review of the Literature

Federer¹

2021

Negotiation Journal

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Almost six decades since the emergence of Track Two diplomacy, a form of informal and unofficial dialogues between conflicting parties facilitated by scholar‐practitioners, scholarship on the field has grown exponentially. Originally conceived of as a discreet complement to Track One official negotiations between armed actors in conflict, Track Two has become an established and professionalized form of broader conflict resolution. Specific scholarship on Track Two has occupied the liminal space between theory and practice, in which theoretical propositions are often born out of observations from practical applications in empirical cases. Analyzing how Track Two theories reflect these paradigms can give greater insights into the theoretical evolution of the field and where it is headed. This begets a need to regularly and systematically survey the relevant literature on Track Two given the large‐scale changes occurring in its practice. This article discusses the evolution of Track Two theories as embedded in conflict resolution paradigms, namely, strategic bargaining and problem solving; conflict transformation; and liberal and post‐liberal peacebuilding. In particular, I focus on how the recent "normative turn" in conflict resolution literature has impacted Track Two scholarship. Following the analytical framework of a mediation process applied to Track Two scholarship, I organize relevant literature into “generations” and compare what are identified as the main constitutive components of a Track Two initiative in order to understand how the theories have evolved in this second generation of literature. My analysis finds that conceptions of Track Two have moved from “narrow” to “broad”: influenced by a normative imperative toward more inclusive and participatory peace processes in conflict resolution, activities labeled as Track Two have expanded from small, discreet dialogues between unofficial actors to include more robust forms of civil society inclusion and participation.

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“…Grouping these actors undermines the distinct particularities of each mediating actor, particularly given RO and NGO mediators’ deliberate attempts to distinguish themselves from others. After Wallensteen and Svensson pointed out the need to study the institutional effects of organizations on mediation processes in 2014, research has only begun to examine specific traits of different mediators, such as the influence of organizational norms on mediation mandates and variation in institutional designs (Pring 2017; Lehrs 2016; Lundgren 2016). Beyond this, however, there has been little research on what specific mediating actors bring to the table and what limitations and strengths one can expect.…”

Section: Mediators As Norm Promoters: Assessing the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Normative Agency of Regional Organizations and Non‐governmental Organizations in International Peace Mediation*

Pring

Federer

2020

Swiss Political Sci Review

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This article analyzes the increasingly prominent role of regional organizations (ROs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in promoting norms in mediation processes. In particular, we seek to understand the processes by which RO and NGO mediators promote the inclusivity norm to negotiating parties and the outcomes that result. We employ the concepts of local agency and social practices in examining the normative agency of ROs and NGOs in promoting and redefining the inclusivity norm. Through illustrative case studies of peace processes in South Sudan and Myanmar, we argue that ROs' and NGOs' mediation practices reflect their claims to alternative resources of power, such as long-standing expertise and insider status in the context, and build congruence with strong local norms. We provide nuanced theoretical insights on RO and NGO mediators' claims to agency and provide empirical illustrations on how these claims contribute to constitutive changes to norms.

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Including or Excluding Civil Society? The Role of the Mediation Mandate for South Sudan (2013–2015) and Zimbabwe (2008–2009)

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Civil Society and Peace

Civil Society and Peace

Toward a Normative Turn in Track Two Diplomacy? A Review of the Literature

The Normative Agency of Regional Organizations and Non‐governmental Organizations in International Peace Mediation*

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