SUMMARY
Bcl-2 can be converted into a pro-apoptotic molecule by nuclear receptor Nur77. However, the development of Bcl-2 converters as anti-cancer therapeutics has not been explored. Here we report the identification of a Nur77-derived Bcl-2 converting peptide with 9 amino acids (NuBCP-9) and its enantiomer, which induce apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro and in animals. The apoptotic effect of NuBCPs and their activation of Bax are not inhibited but rather potentiated by Bcl-2. NuBCP-9 enantiomers bind to the Bcl-2 loop, which shares the characteristics of structurally adaptable regions with many cancer-associated and signaling proteins. NuBCP-9s act as molecular switches to dislodge the Bcl-2 BH4 domain, exposing its BH3 domain, which in turn blocks the activity of anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL.