Inclusion of high-flavonoid corn in the diet of broiler chickens as a potential approach for the control of necrotic enteritis

Alves, Vinícius Buiatte de Andrade; Dominguez, Dorian; Lesko, Tyler; Jenkins, Mark C.; Chopra, Surinder; Lorenzoni, A. G.

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2022.101796

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The experimental design for this study as well as the performance parameters were previously reported (Buiatte et al, 2022), and it is also briefly summarized below. Four hundred, dayold straight run, broiler chickens (Ross 308 Aviagen) were randomly placed into 20 floor pens (2.6 m 2 ).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact diet composition and nutritional analysis are described in Buiatte et al, 2022, however Tables S1, S2 which contain this information have also been included in the Supplementary Materials. The experiment was conducted for 21 days using a completely randomized design with four treatments groups: CTRL-A, noninfected birds eating commercial corn; CTRL-B, non-infected birds eating corn high in flavonoids (PennHFD1); IF-A, birds infected with E. maxima and C. perfringens eating commercial corn; and IF-B birds infected with E. maxima and C. perfringens eating PennHFD1 (Buiatte et al, 2022). Birds remained on their respective diets for the duration of the study and were housed using brooding conditions recommended by Aviagen.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birds were inoculated again on day 19 via top dressing the inoculum onto the feed. On day 21, a total of 100 birds (five to eight birds/replicate) were randomly selected, euthanized by cervical dislocation, and necropsied for intestinal evaluation and sample collection (Buiatte et al, 2022). Samples of the cecal lumen (CE-L) and epithelial mucosa (CE-M) were taken for 16S rRNA sequencing.…”

Section: Infection Model and Bird Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was previously reported that feeding broiler chickens a diet high in a flavonoid-rich corn variety (PennHFD1, a proprietary corn variety developed by Penn State University) ameliorated NE by reducing intestinal lesions and mortality. PennHFD1 also improved production parameters such as weight gain and feed conversion ratios (FCR), compared to chickens consuming standard commercial corn (Buiatte et al, 2022). Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds produced by plants that have antiinflammatory properties including scavenging and inhibiting the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Kumar and Pandey, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of microbiota in the ceca of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis fed a commercial corn diet or with corn high in flavonoids (PennHFD1)

Miska,

Proszkowiec-Weglarz,

Buiatte

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiomes

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Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract that is common in broiler chickens and causes substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The removal of many antimicrobials in poultry diets has driven the search for alternatives. The purpose of this study was to determine the microbiota changes in the cecal luminal (CE-L) and mucosal (CE-M) populations of broiler chickens undergoing clinical NE (co-infected with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens) while fed a diet containing a flavonoid rich corn (PennHFD1) or control diet using commercial corns. It was previously shown that chickens fed a diet high in flavonoids had improved performance parameters, lower mortality rate, and lower incidence of intestinal lesions. Flavonoids have been shown to have anti-bacterial, immuno-modulatory, and anti-inflammatory activity. The current study included four experimental groups: infected chickens fed commercial corn diet (CTRL-A) or PennHFD1 (CTRL-B) and infected chickens fed commercial corn diet (IF-A) or PennHFD1 (IF-B). We found that most of the microbiota changes were due to infection rather than diet. The alpha diversity in the IF chickens was lower in both CE-L and CE-M. The beta diversity of microbial communities was different between IF and CTRL chickens, as well as between CTRL-A and CTRL-B. The beta diversity of CTRL birds was more homogenous compared to IF samples. Taxonomic analysis showed a decrease in short chain fatty acid producing bacteria in IF birds. An increase in lactic acid producing bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus cecorum was also observed in IF birds. It is possible that the effect of the high flavonoid corn on the microbiota was overcome by the effect of NE, or that the positive effects of increased flavonoids in NE-challenged birds are a result of mechanisms which do not involve the microbiota. The effects of high flavonoid corn on NE infections may be further investigated as a possible alternative to antimicrobials.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infection Model and Bird Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparative analysis of microbiota in the ceca of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis fed a commercial corn diet or with corn high in flavonoids (PennHFD1)

Miska,

Proszkowiec-Weglarz,

Buiatte

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiomes

Self Cite

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“…Subclinical NE is observed more frequently, in which the CP Net B toxins destroy the structure and function of intestinal epithelial cells in birds, which then generates intestinal inflammation, decreases the absorption efficiency of nutrients, and reduces body weight gain 2 . According to preliminary statistics, NE causes more than $2 billion in economic losses in the broiler industry every year worldwide 3 . In the past, antibiotics have been used to promote growth and prevent the development of NE in broilers 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective effects of Bacillus licheniformis against inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in broilers with necrotic enteritis induced by Clostridium perfringens

Zhang

Qin²,

Yang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BackgroundBacillus licheniformis is a gram‐positive bacterium that has strong environmental adaptability and can improve the growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant function of broilers. The current study aimed to elucidate the protective capability of B. licheniformis against inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in broilers with necrotic enteritis (NE) induced by Clostridium perfringens (CP).ResultsThe results showed that B. licheniformis enhanced the final body weight in broilers compared with that of broilers in the CP group after the stress of infection (P < 0.05). Bacillus licheniformis reversed the decreased levels of serum and jejunum mucosa immunoglobulins and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, reduced the values of villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and mitigated the increased levels of serum d‐lactic acid and diamine oxidase in CP‐challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Moreover, B. licheniformis modulated the expression levels of genes involved in the TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway, and the sirt 1/Parkin signalling pathway in CP‐challenged broilers. Compared with the CP challenge group, the B. licheniformis‐treated group exhibited reduced abundance values of Shuttleworthia and Alistipes and enhanced abundance values of Parabacteroides in the caecal contents (P < 0.05).ConclusionBacillus licheniformis improved the final body weight and alleviated the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function damage in birds with NE induced by CP by maintaining intestinal physiological function, enhancing immunity, regulating inflammatory cytokine secretion, modulating the mitophagy response, and increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Effects of bamboo leaf flavonoids on growth performance, antioxidants, immune function, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in broilers

Wu,

Ma,

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDBamboo leaf flavonoids (BLF) are the main bioactive ingredients in bamboo leaves. They have antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, and other effects. In this study, the effects of dietary BLF on growth performance, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota of broilers were investigated. A total of 288 broilers were divided into three groups with eight replicates and 12 birds in each replicate. Broilers were fed a basic diet or the basic diet supplemented with 1000 or 2000 mg kg−1 BLF for 56 days.RESULTSThe results showed that supplementation of BLF increased body weight (BW) and average daily weight gain (ADG), and reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05). The serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and interleukin 10 (IL‐10) content of broilers in the BLF1000 group was increased and the interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) content was decreased (P < 0.05). The levels of IgM and IL‐10 in jejunum mucosa were found to be enhanced by BLF (P < 0.05). The BLF1000 group exhibited a significant reduction in the concentration of TNF‐α (P < 0.05). Serum and jejunum mucosa total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) levels in the BLF1000 group were increased (P < 0.05). The serum catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) effects of the BLF1000 group and serum CAT effects of BLF2000 group were increased (P < 0.05). The CON group demonstrated a lower relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R‐7_group and Oscillibacter than the BLF group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONDietary BLF inclusion enhanced the growth performance, immune, and antioxidant functions, improved the intestinal morphology, and ameliorated the intestinal microflora structure in broiler. Adding 1000 mg kg−1 BLF to the broiler diet can be considered as an effective growth promoter. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Inclusion of high-flavonoid corn in the diet of broiler chickens as a potential approach for the control of necrotic enteritis

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Comparative analysis of microbiota in the ceca of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis fed a commercial corn diet or with corn high in flavonoids (PennHFD1)

Comparative analysis of microbiota in the ceca of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis fed a commercial corn diet or with corn high in flavonoids (PennHFD1)

The protective effects of Bacillus licheniformis against inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in broilers with necrotic enteritis induced by Clostridium perfringens

Effects of bamboo leaf flavonoids on growth performance, antioxidants, immune function, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in broilers

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