Inclusion Variations of Hot Working Die Steel H13 in Refining Process

Liu, Jianhua; Wang, Guoxuan; Bao, Yanping; Yang, Yan; Yao, Wei; Gui, Xiao-ning

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(13)60012-6

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Most inclusions detected are of the MA‐spinel type or have a high Al 2 O 3 ‐content. Similar type, but significantly more inclusions were found in a comparable hot‐work tool steel from industrial production . In this context, the development of NMI over the whole process route demonstrates the cleaning effect of the ESR process.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The trend also matches with results in ref. but on a lower oxygen level. Furthermore, the result from the higher SiO 2 ‐containing slag (3C3A1S) confirmed findings in ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The increase in fine oxide inclusions compared to the electrode corresponds to findings in ref. . However the total amount of inclusions is significantly reduced, especially inclusions larger than 5 μm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Schneider

Molnar

Gelder

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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The remelting behavior of the hot-work tool steel X37CrMoV5-1 is investigated with several experimental melts on a lab-scale ESR-plant. The investigated parameters comprise a variation of the slag compositions and the use of a protective nitrogen atmosphere. Variations of the slag composition include slags with different contents of CaF 2 , CaO, and Al 2 O 3 as well as a variation of the SiO 2content in the slag. The remelted ingots are forged and analyzed regarding their chemical composition. The distribution and composition of the non-metallic inclusions (NMI) is studied by an automated SEM-EDX method. Additionally, the chemical composition of the slag after remelting is analyzed. The results show clearly an equilibrium reaction between Si and Al in the steel with SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 in the slag as well as the effect of oxygen in open ESR operation. A protective atmosphere reduces the Si-losses during remelting, but has no major effect on the number or composition of NMI compared to open remelting. The content of NMI, especially the larger ones, is reduced significantly in all remelting experiments. The majority of the NMI are MA-spinel type except for the CaO-free slag, where alumina inclusions prevail. In general, remelting leads to an almost complete removal of sulfides, a reduction of oxisulfides, and a slight increase of oxides.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The trend also matches with results in ref. but on a lower oxygen level. Furthermore, the result from the higher SiO 2 ‐containing slag (3C3A1S) confirmed findings in ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Schneider

Molnar

Gelder

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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show abstract

“…Coating technology is put forward to enhance the friction-wear performance [8,9], NiCr coating with high wear resistance [10][11][12] is a hard coating, the additions of Cr 3 C 2 and MoS 2 [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] may improve the hardness and lubrication performances. Among them, Cr 3 C 2 has the strongest anti-oxidation ability at high temperature, the fabricated coating has the advantages of strong bonding ability and uniform structure [20][21][22]; and MoS 2 is used as a solid lubricant, which effectively reduces the Coefficient Of Friction (COF) [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological behavior of laser thermal sprayed Cr₃C₂–NiCr + 10%Ni/MoS₂ composite coating on H13 hot work mould steel

Yinmiao

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Cr 3 C 2 -NiCr+10%Ni/MoS 2 composite coating was fabricated on H13 hot work mould steel using a Laser Thermal Spraying (LTS). The friction-wear behaviors of obtained coating at 25, 400 and 700°C were investigated using a ball-on-disc wear tester, and the effect of MoS 2 on the lubrication in the friction-wear process was also discussed. The results show that the average coefficients of friction (COFs) of Cr 3 C 2 -NiCr+10%Ni/MoS 2 coating at 25, 400 and 700°C are 0.68, 0.55, and 0.35, respectively, and the corresponding wear rates are 25.97×10 -6 , 30.06×10 -6 , and 11.86×10 -6 mm 3 ·N -1 ·s -1 , respectively. The average COF and wear rate at 700°C are the lowest among the three kinds of operation temperatures, the MoS 2 particles and oxidation layer play a positive role of lubrication, which is the main factor of friction-wear reduction. The wear mechanism at 25°C is abrasive wear, while those at 400 and 700°C are primary abrasive wear, accompanied by oxidative wear.

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“…Electroslag remelting (ESR), as a kind of secondary refining technology, is commonly used for manufacturing alloy steels such as AISI H13 steel for its strong ability to improve the cleanliness and enhance the solidification structure [5][6][7]. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the ESR process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Primary Carbides in a Commercial-Sized Electroslag Remelting Ingot of H13 Steel

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Metals

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The characteristics of primary carbides in a commercial-sized (one ton) electroslag remelting (ESR) ingot of AISI H13 steel were investigated. The interaction between the primary carbides and inclusions was also clarified. The results indicate that there are two types of primary carbides, V-rich and Mo-rich primary carbides, in the H13 ESR ingot. The quantity, the area fraction, and the size of the two primary carbides tend to decrease from the center of the H13 ESR ingot to the outer surface. Additionally, the V-rich primary carbide is obviously larger than the Mo-rich primary carbide. The Al 2 O 3 inclusion can promote the precipitation of the V-rich primary carbide, while the MnS inclusion encourages the precipitation of Mo-rich primary carbide. The CaO·Al 2 O 3 inclusion cannot act as the nucleation site for the precipitation of the two primary carbides. The solid fraction that the V-rich primary carbide begins to precipitate ranges from 0.965 to 0.983, and that for the Mo-rich primary carbide and the MnS inclusion change from 0.9990 to 0.9998 and from 0.989 to 0.990, respectively.

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Inclusion Variations of Hot Working Die Steel H13 in Refining Process

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Tribological behavior of laser thermal sprayed Cr₃C₂–NiCr + 10%Ni/MoS₂ composite coating on H13 hot work mould steel

Investigation of Primary Carbides in a Commercial-Sized Electroslag Remelting Ingot of H13 Steel

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Inclusion Variations of Hot Working Die Steel H13 in Refining Process

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Effect of the Slag Composition and a Protective Atmosphere on Chemical Reactions and Non‐Metallic Inclusions during Electro‐Slag Remelting of a Hot‐Work Tool Steel

Tribological behavior of laser thermal sprayed Cr3C2–NiCr + 10%Ni/MoS2 composite coating on H13 hot work mould steel

Investigation of Primary Carbides in a Commercial-Sized Electroslag Remelting Ingot of H13 Steel

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Product

Resources

About

Tribological behavior of laser thermal sprayed Cr₃C₂–NiCr + 10%Ni/MoS₂ composite coating on H13 hot work mould steel