Income inequality and fear of crime across the European region

Vauclair, Christin‐Melanie; Bratanova, Boyka

doi:10.1177/1477370816648993

Cited by 56 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Findings from a recent analysis of the European Social Survey (round 4; 2008-2010) revealed that fear of crime is more prevalent in unequal societies, and it is predominantly expressed by members of ethnic majority and socially privileged groups. Furthermore, the negative effect of inequality on wellbeing amongst ethnic majority, privileged groups was explained by fear of crime (Vauclair & Bratanova, 2015).…”

Section: Relationship Between Inequality and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty, inequality, and increased consumption of high calorie food: Experimental evidence for a causal link

et al. 2016

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Rising obesity represents a serious, global problem. It is now well established that obesity is associated with poverty and wealth inequality, suggesting that these factors may promote caloric intake. Whereas previous work has examined these links from an epidemiological perspective, the current paper examined them experimentally. In Study 1 we found that people experimentally induced to view themselves as poor (v. wealthy) exhibited increased calorie intake. In Study 2, participants who believed that they were poorer or wealthier than their interaction partners exhibited higher levels of anxiety compared to those in an equal partners condition; this anxiety in turn led to increased calorie consumption for people who had a strong need to belong. The findings provide causal evidence for the poverty-intake and inequality-intake links. Further, we identify social anxiety and a strong need to belong as important social psychological factors linking inequality to increased calorie intake.

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Section: Relationship Between Inequality and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty, inequality, and increased consumption of high calorie food: Experimental evidence for a causal link

et al. 2016

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“…On the other hand, the macro-level geographical distribution of the emotions about crime has been interpreted more as the distribution of general concerns and anxieties (or 'mental states' of worry) than as actual emotional responses towards crime (or 'mental events' of fear) (Hummelsheim et al, 2011;Vieno et al, 2013). Researchers analyse the international and regional distribution of worry about crime and feelings of unsafety and explain their geographical differences by making use of variables such as unemployment, crime rates, income inequality, rates of higher education and welfare state measures (Hummelsheim et al, 2011;Vauclair and Bratanova, 2017;Vieno et al, 2013;Visser et al, 2013). Note that the studies described below make use of different operational definitions of worry about crime and perceived unsafety.…”

Section: Mapping Worry About Crime: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We make use of the Spatial Empirical Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (SEBLUP) under the Fay-Herriot model (Fay and Herriot, 1979), which borrows strength both from related and neighbouring areas (Petrucci and Salvati, 2006). Much like the geographical distribution of crime, emotions about crime are known to be spatially aggregated (Vauclair and Bratanova, 2017;Vieno et al, 2013) and show high levels of spatial autocorrelation (Wyant, 2008). We thus expect to improve the precision of our estimates by borrowing strength from neighbouring areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worry about crime in Europe: A model-based small area estimation from the European Social Survey

Buil‐Gil

Moretti

Shlomo

et al. 2019

European Journal of Criminology

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Worry about crime is known to be higher in some European regions than others. However, cross-national surveys, which are the main source of information to map worry about crime across Europe, are designed to be representative of large areas (countries), and regions often suffer from small and unrepresentative sample sizes. This research produces reliable model-based small area estimates of worry about crime at regional level from European Social Survey data, in order to map the phenomenon and examine its macrolevel predictors. Model-based small area estimation techniques borrow strength across areas to produce reliable estimates of parameters of interest. Estimates of worry about crime are higher in most Southern and Eastern European regions, in contrast to Northern and Central Europe.

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“…El efecto de la desigualdad. La inequidad de ingresos ha sido ampliamente asociada al miedo al crimen (Wilkinson & Pickett, 2009;Vauclair & Bratanova, 2017). Como se ha sugerido, el miedo al crimen es un fenómeno multidimensional que también se ve afectado por otros factores, como es el caso de las redes de apoyo comunal y las condiciones particulares de cada persona.…”

Section: Barrios Abiertos Y Las Comunidades Cerradasunclassified

Barrios ‘conviviendo’ con comunidades cerradas: entre el miedo y la segregación. Caso de la GAM-Costa Rica

Chaves

2019

REVISTARQUIS

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con comunidades cerradas: entre el miedo y la segregación. Caso de la GAM-Costa Rica. | REVISTARQUIS | VOL 8, Num. 2, (Julio-Diciembre 2019) | ISSN 2215-275X | San José, Costa Rica | pp. 66-76 ResumenEl miedo al crimen parece ser una preocupación constante en Costa Rica y América Latina. Este temor podría estar cambiando los patrones de urbanización, dando paso a comunidades cerradas. Paradójicamente, esos desarrollos podrían estar alimentando algunos sentimientos de exclusión y ansiedad en sus periferias más que ser una solución al crimen. Entre algunas razones se podría citar la fragmentación que producen en la ciudad y la falta de provisión de espacios públicos. Este artículo brinda algunas reflexiones sobre la propagación de comunidades cerradas y su situación dentro del Gran Área Metropolitana (GAM), ya que busca explorar algunos efectos de esos desarrollos residenciales en los vecindarios adyacentes. Este trabajo es parte una investigación en curso, pues estas apreciaciones se basan en una primera etapa de trabajo de campo realizado en Costa Rica de junio a diciembre de 2018. El enfoque metodológico es a través de ocho casos de estudio, que representan vecindarios con diversos tipos de necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI) dentro de la GAM. Los casos se seleccionaron utilizando datos del censo con ayuda de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). Estos barrios se encuentran junto a comunidades cerradas. En cada vecindario se realizó una caminataentrevista con un grupo de personas de la comunidad, las cuales fueron rastreadas con GPS junto con la grabación del audio. Adicionalmente, se llevó a cabo grupos focales, reuniones, observaciones y entrevistas. Finalmente, se comparten resultados preliminares que reflejan sentimientos de exclusión y segregación residencial, así como ansiedades particulares en mujeres y adolescentes. Palabras clave: barrios; comunidades cerradas; miedo al crimen; planificación; segregación residencial.Neighborhoods "cohabiting" with gated communities: between fear and segregation. GMA-Costa Rica's case Abstract Fear of crime seems to be a constant concern in Costa Rica as well as in Latin America. This anxiety might be changing the urbanization patterns, leading the way to gated communities. Paradoxically, those developments could be feeding some feelings of exclusion and anxiety in their peripheries instead of being a solution to crime among other reasons due to the fragmentation of the city and the lack of provision of public spaces. This article presents some thoughts based on conceptual approaches regarding the spread of gated communities as well as the situation within the Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM). It seeks to explore some effects of those residential developments in the adjacent neighborhoods. This work is part of an ongoing research. These initial assessments are based on a fieldwork carried out in Costa Rica from June to December in 2018 as a first stage of research. The methodology approach is through eight study cases, which represent neighborhoods with diverse ty...

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Income inequality and fear of crime across the European region

Cited by 56 publications

References 49 publications

Poverty, inequality, and increased consumption of high calorie food: Experimental evidence for a causal link

Poverty, inequality, and increased consumption of high calorie food: Experimental evidence for a causal link

Worry about crime in Europe: A model-based small area estimation from the European Social Survey

Barrios ‘conviviendo’ con comunidades cerradas: entre el miedo y la segregación. Caso de la GAM-Costa Rica

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