Income inequality, consumption, and the debt ratio of Chinese households

Shen, Zhaolin; Fan, Wei; Hu, Jiang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265851

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The education levels include high school and below and college and above. According to the data from the Chinese national statistics bureau, 24 incomes were classified into three degrees according to family per capita monthly income: ≤2000 yuan (275 USD), 2000–5000 yuan (275–687 USD) and >5000 yuan (687 USD). Duration of disease was classified into two degrees: ≤10 years and >10 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Model for Identifying Low Medication Adherence Among Patients with Cirrhosis

Wang,

Li,

Suo

et al. 2023

PPA

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This study aims to identify the novel risk predictors of low medication adherence of cirrhosis patients in a large cohort and construct an applicable predictive model to provide clinicians with a simple and precise personalized prediction tool. Patients and Methods: Patients with cirrhosis were recruited from the inpatient populations at the Department of Infectious Diseases of Tangdu Hospital. Patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. The primary outcome was medication adherence, which was analyzed by the medication possession ratio (MPR). Potential predictive factors, including demographics, the severity of cirrhosis, knowledge of disease and medical treatment, social support, self-care agency and pill burdens, were collected by questionnaires. Predictive factors were selected by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Then, a nomogram was constructed. The decision curve analysis (DCA), clinical application curve analysis, ROC curve analysis, Brier score and mean squared error (MSE) score were utilized to assess the performance of the model. In addition, the bootstrapping method was used for internal validation. Results: Among the enrolled patients (460), most had good or moderate (344, 74.78%) medical adherence. The main risk factors for non-adherence include young age (≤50 years), low education level, low income, short duration of disease (<10 years), low Child-Plush class, poor knowledge of disease and medical treatment, poor social support, low self-care agency and high pill burden. The nomogram comprised these factors showed good calibration and good discrimination (AUC = 0.938, 95% CI = 0.918-0.956; Brier score = 0.14). In addition, the MSE value was 0.03, indicating no overfitting. Conclusion:This study identified predictive factors regarding low medication adherence among patients with cirrhosis, and a predictive nomogram was constructed. This model could help clinicians identify patients with a high risk of low medication adherence and intervention measures can be taken in time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Model for Identifying Low Medication Adherence Among Patients with Cirrhosis

Wang,

Li,

Suo

et al. 2023

PPA

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“…Generally speaking, countries and regions with low Engel coefficients have relatively high living standards and the spending power of their residents. The wide application of mobile payment is conducive to reducing the transaction cost of goods and services, reducing the cost of living for residents, and helping reduce the Engel coefficient of residents [ 22 ].…”

Section: Theoretical Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile payment, digital inclusive finance, and residents’ consumption behavior research

Hu,

Hou

2024

PLoS ONE

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Based on the data of multiple Chinese household finance surveys, the interactive relationship between mobile payment, inclusive digital finance, and household consumption is discussed. It is found that mobile payment can directly and effectively improve household consumption, and the impact on hedonistic and developmental consumption is greater than survival consumption, which is conducive to upgrading household consumption. At the same time, mobile payment can indirectly promote basic and developmental consumer spending through digital inclusive financial mechanisms and weaken hedonistic consumer spending. The heterogeneity analysis found that the impact of mobile payment on household consumption was affected by income level, dependency structure, and regional attributes, and the low-income and high-income groups benefited more significantly, and the consumption promotion effect in the eastern and central regions was greater than that in the western and northeastern regions. Further research finds that with the improvement of income status, the promotion effect of mobile payment on consumption shows a marginal decreasing trend. It is recommended to continue to promote the popularization and application of mobile payment, accelerate the matching of supply and demand in the consumer market, formulate financial inclusion policies according to local conditions, and form a good interaction mechanism between mobile payment, digital finance, and household consumption.

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“…Jin et al (2011) [19] pointed out that there was a negative correlation between income inequality and consumption deducted by education expenditure in China, according to data from urban households, which may be caused by the precautionary saving motive of seeking status. Shen et al (2022) [20] analyzed the relationships between income inequality, consumption, and household debt in China; they maintained that income inequality inhibited consumption growth, but that household leverage ratio could promote household consumption to a certain extent. The above studies mainly focused on the relationship between income inequality and consumption, while ignoring the variation of time.…”

Section: The Impact Of Income Inequality On Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income Inequality, Household Debt, and Consumption Growth in the United States

Ying-ai

Sun

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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In this paper, the SV-TVP-VAR model is used to study the relationships between income inequality, household debt, and consumption growth in the US. This is of great significance for studying whether household debt can become a “substitute” for income and whether it is possible to achieve sustainable growth in consumption under the background of worsening income inequality. According to the research results, the main conclusions are as follows: Firstly, the widening of income inequality would increase consumption in the short term but restrain consumption in the medium and long term, as the relationship between them would turn from positive to negative. Secondly, household debt could improve consumption in the short term but reduce consumption in the medium and long term, with long-term effects being greater than medium-term effects, which means that the long-term negative impact of US household debt on household consumption would be persistent. Lastly, widening income inequality has led to rising household debt over different maturities.

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Income inequality, consumption, and the debt ratio of Chinese households

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

A Predictive Model for Identifying Low Medication Adherence Among Patients with Cirrhosis

A Predictive Model for Identifying Low Medication Adherence Among Patients with Cirrhosis

Mobile payment, digital inclusive finance, and residents’ consumption behavior research

Income Inequality, Household Debt, and Consumption Growth in the United States

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