Incorporating photocatalytic fuel cell with dual S-scheme CuBi2O4/Bi2WO6/ZnO NRA photoanode for energy recuperation from municipal wastewater treatment under sunlight

Enhancing the adsorption–photocatalytic efficiency of BiOBr for Congo red degradation by tuning the surface charge and bandgap via an Y3+–I− co-doping strategy

“…The electronic valence band potentials ( E VB ) can be calculated according to the following formula: E VB = E CB + E g . 75 Therefore, the E VB for these four samples can be determined as 2.77, 2.24, 2.19 and 2.0 eV, respectively. The calculated E fb , E CB and E VB data are summarized in Table S7 (ESI†).…”