Incorporating Socioeconomic Factors Into U.S. Health Policy: Addressing The Barriers

Syme, S. Leonard; Lefkowitz, Bonnie; Krimgold, Barbara Kivimae

doi:10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.113

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There are political, professional, and organizational barriers to such intersectoral collaboration, but multiple strategies to address them have been identified, including the need to establish a permanent locus for intersectoral activity regarding health. 46 Although much is yet to be learned about the specific pathways by which the social environment creates disease, much progress can be made toward eliminating disparities by acting on current knowledge. …”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Sources Of Racial Disparities In Health

Williams¹,

2005

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Racial disparities in mortality over time reflect divergent pathways to the current large racial disparities in health. The residential concentration of African Americans is high and distinctive, and the related inequities in neighborhood environments, socioeconomic circumstances, and medical care are important factors in initiating and maintaining racial disparities in health. Efforts are needed to identify and maximize health-enhancing resources that may reduce some of the negative effects of psychosocial factors on health. Health and health disparities are embedded in larger historical, geographic, sociocultural, economic, and political contexts. Changes in a broad range of public policies are likely to be central to effectively addressing racial disparities. R ac i a l di s pa r i t i e s i n h e a lt h in the United States are substantial. The overall death rate for blacks today is comparable to the rate for whites thirty years ago, with about 100,000 blacks dying each year who would not die if the death rates were equivalent. 1 This paper outlines factors in the social environment that can initiate and sustain racial disparities in health. Race is a marker for differential exposure to multiple disease-producing social factors. Thus, racial disparities in health should be understood not only in terms of individual characteristics but also in light of patterned racial inequalities in exposure to societal risks and resources.We illustrate some of these social processes by examining racial differences in mortality from 1950 to 2000 for five causes of death that reveal divergent pathways to current health disparities. Three of these causes of death-homicide, heart disease, and cancer-show wide disparities between black and white populations; two of these causes-pneumonia and flu, and suicide-show virtually no disparities. Data are available for blacks and whites for the 1950-2002 time period only. We present both absolute (black-white differences) and relative (black-white ratios) indicators of disparity.

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Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Sources Of Racial Disparities In Health

Williams¹,

2005

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“…Researchers in a variety of disciplines, including nursing, public health, and sociology, have emphasized the value of lay knowledge in understanding the social context of health and illness as well as the lived experience of social factors that contribute to health disparities and inequitable access to health care (Flaskerud et al, 2002;Gilson, 1998;Popay, Williams, Thomas, & Gatrell, 1998). In addition, interventions and programs are needed at the community level to reduce or eliminate health disparities (Baker, Metzler, & Galea, 2005;Koniak-Griffin, Flaskerud, & Nyamathi, 2005;Syme, Lefkowitz, & Krimgold, 2002). Baker et al proposed that blocal knowledgeQ (p. 555) and input from stakeholders at all levels are required to define problems, articulate program goals, and develop strategies for program evaluation.…”

Section: The Public Safety Net and Access To Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Doing My Best: Poverty and Self-Care Among Individuals With Schizophrenia and Diabetes Mellitus

El-Mallakh

2007

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing

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“…[1][2][3] A thread that unifies these discussions is the need to document these inequalities and the effectiveness of interventions on them. Strategies for developing and implementing interventions for mitigating SEP health inequalities, within the current political climate, have been mulled at length.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6,7 First, the effect of an SEP intervention (even one that is randomized) on a health outcome could be underestimated. Rather, it has implications for the evaluation of interventions on those inequalities-the standard by which publicly funded interventions will be increasingly scrutinized.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Commentary

Weuve

2013

Epidemiology

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Incorporating Socioeconomic Factors Into U.S. Health Policy: Addressing The Barriers

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Social Sources Of Racial Disparities In Health

Social Sources Of Racial Disparities In Health

Doing My Best: Poverty and Self-Care Among Individuals With Schizophrenia and Diabetes Mellitus

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