Incorporation and subsequent diagenetic alteration of sulfur in Arctica islandica

Fichtner, Vanessa; Strauß, Harald; Mavromatis, Vasileios; Dietzel, Martin; Huthwelker, Thomas; Borca, Camelia N.; Guagliardo, Paul; Kilburn, Matt R.; Göttlicher, Jörg; Pederson, Chelsea L.; Griesshaber, Erika; Schmahl, Wolfgang W.; Immenhauser, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.01.035

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This early alteration of the organic constituents was also indicated by changes in the distribution of S (Figure ), which has a strong association with various organic compounds (Fichtner et al, ). Previous work documented that S compounds in the skeleton of corals are present both as SO 4 2− and organic S in the coral tissue that surrounds the polyps (Cuif, Dauphin, Doucet, Salome, & Susini, ).…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Significance of fluid chemistry throughout diagenesis of aragonitic Porites corals – An experimental approach

Pederson

Weiss

Mavromatis

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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Marine carbonates are among the most important archives of environmental information in both modern and past environments. Widely used but particularly sensitive archives are the aragonitic skeletons of scleractinian corals. However, due to the metastable nature of aragonite, a multitude of chemical, mineralogical, and (micro)biological processes can lead to diagenetic alteration of these archives and their proxy information can be altered or lost. Here, hydrothermal alteration experiments were performed to create a better understanding of the diagenesis of an often‐utilized genus, Porites. Same‐specimen subsamples were heated in two fluid types and at two temperatures and durations, and their resulting alteration features were assessed to allow insight to the mechanisms and drivers of diagenetic modification. Experiments with fluid temperatures of 130°C induced remobilization and darkening of organic matrices, with no other evidence for alteration observed. In contrast, specimens exposed to a temperature of 160°C underwent significant diagenetic alteration dependent on fluid type. Fluid chemistry, particularly Mg/Ca ratios, was found to regulate the type of alteration (e.g. neomorphism or reprecipitation). Reaction with meteoric water resulted in almost complete neomorphism of the aragonite skeleton to blocky calcite, as well as significant exchange with the experimental fluid. In comparison, samples altered in the experimental burial fluids record no mineralogic or significant isotopic change, but instead, small‐scale dissolution–reprecipitation of the primary skeleton, along with the precipitation of pore‐filling aragonitic needle cements was observed. The δ18Ocarbonate data indicate transformation via dissolution–reprecipitation mechanisms depending on the degree and mechanism of diagenesis, and are strongly dependent on fluid chemistry. The main outcome of this work is that a multi‐proxy approach has the best potential to shed light on the interpretation of processes and pathways of aragonitic coral alteration. This study has implications for early alteration of carbonate archives within varying diagenetic fluids, with results aiding in the identification of past burial conditions.

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Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Significance of fluid chemistry throughout diagenesis of aragonitic Porites corals – An experimental approach

Pederson

Weiss

Mavromatis

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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“…Carbonates recrystallizing during burial may also be prone to diagenetic modification of the δ 34 S value of CAS if the burial fluids were sulfate rich (Fichtner et al, 2017(Fichtner et al, , 2018Present et al, 2015). Burial fluids may have highly variable δ 34 S values and include sulfate from hydrocarbon or organic matter degradation, dissolved evaporites, groundwater modified by MSR, or sulfate released by dissolution of CAS (Dogramaci et al, 2001;Fichtner et al, 2018;Murray et al, 2020;Present et al, 2019;Thode & Monster, 1965, 1970.…”

Section: Casmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Sulfur Isotope Records of Phanerozoic Seawater Sulfate

Present

Adkins

Fischer

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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The δ 34 S of seawater sulfate reflects processes operating at the nexus of sulfur, carbon, and oxygen cycles. However, knowledge of past seawater sulfate δ 34 S values must be derived from proxy materials that are impacted differently by depositional and postdepositional processes. We produced new time series estimates for the δ 34 S value of seawater sulfate by combining 6,710 published data from three sedimentary archives-marine barite, evaporites, and carbonate-associated sulfate-with updated age constraints on the deposits. Robust features in multiple records capture temporal trends in the δ 34 S value of seawater and its interplay with other Phanerozoic geochemical and stratigraphic trends. However, high-frequency discordances indicate that each record is differentially prone to depositional biases and diagenetic overprints. The amount of noise, quantified from the variograms of each record, increases with age for all δ 34 S proxies, indicating that postdepositional processes obscure detailed knowledge of seawater sulfate's δ 34 S value deeper in time. Plain Language Summary Sedimentary rocks deposited in ancient marine basins preserve a record of seawater composition. We compare the sulfur isotopic composition of three sedimentary materials that contain sulfate-a major ion in seawater important for carbon and oxygen cycling. Evaporite salts, the mineral barite, and trace sulfate in limestone each reveal the same first-order trends over the last 541 × 10 6 years and also display substantial shorter-order discrepancies that reflect how the materials capture and store paleooceanographic information. These discrepancies partially obscure understanding of the relationship between life, ocean chemistry, and climate.

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“…Additionally, some ancient carbonates contain CAS with anomalously low δ 34 S interpreted to result from the incorporation of sulfate from sulfide that was reoxidized during diagenesis or weathering (Baldermann et al, 2015;Edwards et al, 2019;Fichtner et al, 2017;Fike et al, 2015;Present et al, 2015Present et al, , 2019Rennie & Turchyn, 2014;Riccardi et al, 2006;Yan et al, 2013). Carbonates recrystallizing during burial may also be prone to diagenetic modification of the δ 34 S of CAS if the burial fluids were sulfate rich (Fichtner et al, 2017(Fichtner et al, , 2018Present et al, 2015). The δ 34 S in burial fluids may be highly variable, and include sulfate from hydrocarbon or organic matter degradation, dissolved evaporites, groundwater modified by MSR, or sulfate released by dissolution of CAS (Dogramaci et al, 2001;Fichtner et al, 2018;Murray et al, 2020;Present et al, 2019;Thode & Monster, 1965, 1970.…”

Section: Carbonate-associated Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbonates recrystallizing during burial may also be prone to diagenetic modification of the δ 34 S of CAS if the burial fluids were sulfate rich (Fichtner et al, 2017(Fichtner et al, , 2018Present et al, 2015). The δ 34 S in burial fluids may be highly variable, and include sulfate from hydrocarbon or organic matter degradation, dissolved evaporites, groundwater modified by MSR, or sulfate released by dissolution of CAS (Dogramaci et al, 2001;Fichtner et al, 2018;Murray et al, 2020;Present et al, 2019;Thode & Monster, 1965, 1970.…”

Section: Carbonate-associated Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, well-preserved biogenic carbonate is rare in the rock record, especially during intervals of climatic or biologic crisis (e.g., mass extinction events). Even apparently wellpreserved biogenic carbonate can still be susceptible to diagenetic alteration (Fichtner et al, 2018;Witts et al, 2018). Like the marine barite record, a significant expansion of the biogenic CAS δ 34 S proxy record is limited by the availability of suitable sample material.…”

Section: Biogenic Casmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in sulfur isotope records of Phanerozoic seawater sulfate

Present

Adkins

Fischer

2020

Preprint

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Key Points  6710 measurements of δ 34 S of sulfate in Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks were compiled and systematically updated to a consistent time scale  Records derived from evaporites, barite, and carbonate-associated sulfate are similar, but also contain dramatic short-term discrepancies  Variation created by diagenetic and depositional processes increases with age in all records, obscuring temporal trends in marine sulfate Plain Language Summary Sedimentary rocks deposited in ancient marine basins preserve a record of seawater composition. We compare the sulfur isotopic composition of three sedimentary materials that contain sulfatea major ion in seawater important for carbon and oxygen cycling. Evaporite salts, the mineral barite, and trace sulfate in limestone each reveal the same first-order trends over the last 541 million years, but also display substantial shorter order discrepancies that reflect how the materials capture and store paleooceanographic information. These discrepancies partially obscure understanding of the relationship between life, ocean chemistry, and climate.

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Incorporation and subsequent diagenetic alteration of sulfur in Arctica islandica

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Significance of fluid chemistry throughout diagenesis of aragonitic Porites corals – An experimental approach

Significance of fluid chemistry throughout diagenesis of aragonitic Porites corals – An experimental approach

Variability in Sulfur Isotope Records of Phanerozoic Seawater Sulfate

Variability in sulfur isotope records of Phanerozoic seawater sulfate

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