Incorporation of anatomical MR data for improved functional imaging with PET

Leahy, Richard M.; Yan, Xiaohong

doi:10.1007/bfb0033746

Cited by 143 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As early as 1991, Leahy et al [35] suggested that PET reconstruction could be improved by using anatomical MR images from the same patient as prior information. This remains a field of active research and the potential of the Fig.…”

Section: Additional Potential Benefits Of Simultaneous Pet/mr Acquisimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards quantitative PET/MRI: a review of MR-based attenuation correction techniques

Hofmann

Pichler

Schölkopf

et al. 2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

318

252

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Introduction Positron emission tomography (PET) is a fully quantitative technology for imaging metabolic pathways and dynamic processes in vivo. Attenuation correction of raw PET data is a prerequisite for quantification and is typically based on separate transmission measurements. In PET/CT attenuation correction, however, is performed routinely based on the available CT transmission data. Objective Recently, combined PET/magnetic resonance (MR) has been proposed as a viable alternative to PET/ CT. Current concepts of PET/MRI do not include CT-like transmission sources and, therefore, alternative methods of PET attenuation correction must be found. This article reviews existing approaches to MR-based attenuation correction (MR-AC). Most groups have proposed MR-AC algorithms for brain PET studies and more recently also for torso PET/MR imaging. Most MR-AC strategies require the use of complementary MR and transmission images, or morphology templates generated from transmission images. We review and discuss these algorithms and point out challenges for using MR-AC in clinical routine. Discussion MR-AC is work-in-progress with potentially promising results from a template-based approach applicable to both brain and torso imaging. While efforts are ongoing in making clinically viable MR-AC fully automatic, further studies are required to realize the potential benefits of MRbased motion compensation and partial volume correction of the PET data.

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Section: Additional Potential Benefits Of Simultaneous Pet/mr Acquisimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards quantitative PET/MRI: a review of MR-based attenuation correction techniques

Hofmann

Pichler

Schölkopf

et al. 2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

318

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because PET projection data b i are well modeled as independent Poisson random variables with the log-likelihood function [34], the expectation E[b i ] can be related to the unknown emission image x j through:…”

Section: Kernelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Kernel-Based Regularization Technique for PET Image Reconstruction

2017

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technique that generates 3D detail of physiological processes at the cellular level. The technique requires a radioactive tracer, which decays and releases a positron that collides with an electron; consequently, annihilation photons are emitted, which can be measured. The purpose of PET is to use the measurement of photons to reconstruct the distribution of radioisotopes in the body. Currently, PET is undergoing a revamp, with advancements in data measurement instruments and the computing methods used to create the images. These computer methods are required to solve the inverse problem of "image reconstruction from projection". This paper proposes a novel kernel-based regularization technique for maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (κ-MLEM) to reconstruct the image. Compared to standard MLEM, the proposed algorithm is more robust and is more effective in removing background noise, whilst preserving the edges; this suppresses image artifacts, such as out-of-focus slice blur.

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“…With hybrid PET/MR, the available anatomic information can be used for partial-volume correction. Some of these methods are applied after reconstruction (69,70), whereas other methods are integrated into the reconstruction process using anatomic images as prior information (71) or use wavelets (72). Reconstruction algorithms that incorporate MR-based anatomic information promote the formation of edges in the PET image at the transition between different tissue types.…”

Section: Mr-guided Pet Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of PET/MR Imaging

et al. 2014

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Hybrid PET/MR systems have rapidly progressed from the prototype stage to systems that are increasingly being used in the clinics. This review provides an overview of developments in hybrid PET/MR systems and summarizes the current state of the art in PET/MR instrumentation, correction techniques, and data analysis. The strong magnetic field requires considerable changes in the manner by which PET images are acquired and has led, among others, to the development of new PET detectors, such as silicon photomultipliers. During more than a decade of active PET/MR development, several system designs have been described. The technical background of combined PET/MR systems is explained and related challenges are discussed. The necessity for PET attenuation correction required new methods based on MR data. Therefore, an overview of recent developments in this field is provided. Furthermore, MR-based motion correction techniques for PET are discussed, as integrated PET/MR systems provide a platform for measuring motion with high temporal resolution without additional instrumentation. The MR component in PET/MR systems can provide functional information about disease processes or brain function alongside anatomic images. Against this background, we point out new opportunities for data analysis in this new field of multimodal molecular imaging.

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Incorporation of anatomical MR data for improved functional imaging with PET

Cited by 143 publications

References 18 publications

Towards quantitative PET/MRI: a review of MR-based attenuation correction techniques

Towards quantitative PET/MRI: a review of MR-based attenuation correction techniques

A Novel Kernel-Based Regularization Technique for PET Image Reconstruction

Principles of PET/MR Imaging

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