Incorporation of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) into the Polyamide Layer of Thin-Film Composite (TFC) Nanofiltration Membranes for Enhanced Separation Performance and Antifouling Properties

Bai, Langming; Liu, Yatao; Bossa, Nathan; Ding, An; Ren, Nanqi; Li, Guibai; Liang, Heng; Wiesner, Mark R.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b04102

Cited by 212 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…[54] Rejection of Na 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 by the CNC-TFC membranes was similar to that observed for the CNC-TFC-0 membrane, at values of ≈98.7% and 98.8%, respectively. [54] Incorporation of ≈11 nm SiO 2 nanoparticles [15] and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles [13] in the polypiperazine-amide separation layer has successfully shown the improvement in the separation properties of TFN NF membranes. A significant increase in water permeance with a compromised rejection of Na 2 SO 4 was achieved when only 0.03 wt% of functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles were incorporated within the separation layer.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Effect of Porous and Nonporous Nanostructures on the Permeance of Positively Charged Nanofilm Composite Membranes

Sarkar

Modak

Karan

2020

Adv Materials Inter

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within the dense polymer separation layer. TFNs are therefore known for producing high liquid permeance and used for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration [13-16] and organic solvent nanofiltration. [10] As an example, zeolite-polyamide TFN membranes are used for reverse osmosis, [9,17-19] where a radical increase of ≈80% in water permeance along with a comparable solute rejection is reported. [9] Other porous and nonporous nanostructure [19,20] , zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-8), [21] TiO 2 nanoparticles, [22,23] CeO 2 nanoparticles, [24] carbon dots, [25] graphene oxide, [26-30] silica nanoparticles, [31] and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), [32] have been incorporated in the separation layer to study water permeance and salt rejection behavior of TFN membranes. Additionally, the incorporated nanoparticles in the polyamide membranes are also known for their antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. [9,20] The addition of zeolite nanoparticles in the separation layer formed more permeable, negatively charged, and thicker polyamide films. [19] Smaller zeolites produced greater permeability enhancements, but larger zeolites produced more favorable surface properties in designing thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes. [19] However, no microscopic study for thicker polyamide layer which produces more water flux is reported. As a significant reduction in salt rejection is observed, the creation of defects in the separation layer is expected. Carboxy-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) incorporated membranes also show an increase in water flux with a somewhat decrease in salt rejection. [32] The fabrication of TFNs often follows the process of inclusion of nanomaterials in the separation layer by dispersing them in the aqueous [33-35] or the organic phase [10,19,33,36,37] during interfacial polymerization. However, the surface property of the nanomaterials would restrict their dispersion either in aqueous or in the organic phase. Generally speaking, the hydrophilic nanomaterials are favorable for aqueous dispersion [11] and the hydrophobic nanomaterials are promising for dispersion in the organic phase. [38] Still, there are problems of incorporating hydrophilic nanomaterials by dispersing them in the organic phase as they may get precipitated during interfacial polymerization. [39] A study by Xue and his co-workers used hollow zwitterionic nanoparticles and non-hollow nanoparticles in the separation layer by dispersing The role of the nanostructured materials incorporated in the separation layer of thin-film composite membranes is not properly understood yet, as it requires stringent salt rejection values, proper imaging of the separation layer to realize the presence of nanostructured materials, and to know the thickness of the separation layer. Here, the scalable fabrication of high flux positively charged "polyamide composite nanofiltration" membranes with an ultrathin nanofilm separation layer of ≈14 nm produced via interfacial polymerization of polyethyleneimine and trimesoyl...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Effect of Porous and Nonporous Nanostructures on the Permeance of Positively Charged Nanofilm Composite Membranes

Sarkar

Modak

Karan

2020

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Additionally, the CMCs could increase the miscibility of MPD aqueous solution with TMC organic solution; as a result the MPD could diffuse faster and the membrane would form differently [28]. Finally, the shape of the crystals could contribute to the membrane’s morphological shape [22]. Figure 2i,h show 1.2% CMCs membrane after carving a rectangular piece of the top layer to illustrate the support layer structure following the thin film membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antifouling property experiments toward 300 ppm bovine serum albumin solution indicated that the 0.1% CNCs membrane decreased the fouling by 11% compared to the virgin membrane. Bai et al [22] reported that filling 0.02 wt.% CNCs in the polyamide layer increased the water flux by 60%, with maintaining the Na 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 salts rejection around 98.7 and 98.8%, respectively. NaCl rejection increased by increasing CNCs until it reached 22.7% at 0.02% loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Cellulose Micro and Nano Crystals in Thin Film and Support Layer of Nanocomposite Membranes for Brackish Water Desalination

et al. 2019

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Reverse osmosis is a major process that produces soft water from saline water, and its output represents the majority of the overall desalination plants production. Developing efficient membranes for this process is the aim of many research groups and companies. In this work, we studied the effect of adding cellulose micro crystals (CMCs) and cellulose nano crystals (CNCs) to the support layer and thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane on the desalination performance. SEM, TEM, ATR-FTIR, and contact angle measurements were used to characterize the membrane’s properties; and membrane’s performance were evaluated by water flux and NaCl rejection. Filling 2% of CNCs gel in the support layer improved the water flux by +40%, while salt rejection maintained almost the same, around 95%. However, no remarkable improvement was gained by adding CNCs gel to m-phenylenediamine (MPD) solution, which was used in TFN membrane preparation. Filling CMCs powder in TFN membrane led to a slight improvement in terms of water flux.

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“…The XPS spectrum of C 1s could be resolved into 3 peaks at 287.8, 285.8, and 284.6 eV, which were attributed to C]O, C-N or C-O, and C-C, respectively. 27,28 The N 1s spectrum could be tted to two peaks at 399.9 and 399.3 eV which were assigned to C-N in PIP monomer and N-C]O in polyamide, respectively indicating the polyamide selective layer successfully formed. The O spectrum could be tted to 3 peaks at 531.7, 531.3, and 530.5 eV, respectively.…”

Section: Characterization Of Uio-66-nh 2 and Uio-66-nh 2 -Pcmentioning

confidence: 97%

Enhanced dispersibility of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the organic phaseviasurface modification for TFN nanofiltration membrane preparation

et al. 2020

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Incorporation of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) into the Polyamide Layer of Thin-Film Composite (TFC) Nanofiltration Membranes for Enhanced Separation Performance and Antifouling Properties

Cited by 212 publications

References 57 publications

Effect of Porous and Nonporous Nanostructures on the Permeance of Positively Charged Nanofilm Composite Membranes

Effect of Porous and Nonporous Nanostructures on the Permeance of Positively Charged Nanofilm Composite Membranes

Role of Cellulose Micro and Nano Crystals in Thin Film and Support Layer of Nanocomposite Membranes for Brackish Water Desalination

Enhanced dispersibility of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the organic phaseviasurface modification for TFN nanofiltration membrane preparation

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