Incorporation of Differently Substituted Phthalocyanines into the Mesoporous Molecular Sieve Si-MCM-41

Abstract

<jats:p> Substituted phthalocyanine Zn complexes exhibiting negative, positive or no charge are incorporated in the mesopores of Si -MCM-41 materials during hydrothermal synthesis in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. The nature of the intermolecular interaction between the surfactant micelle and the capped chromophores determines (i) the resistance of the dye towards hydrolytic degradation during the synthesis and (ii) its stability of anchoring towards extraction with ethanol in the composite material. Loadings up to 2 × 10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup> mol/g molecular sieve are achieved, corresponding to an average distance between the encapsulated dye molecules between 2 and 3 nm. The UV-vis spectra reveal the non-aggregated state of the chromophores, pointing to a uniform distribution and a perfect separation by the surfactant molecules. </jats:p>

Catalytic Activity of a Thermoregulated, Phase-Separable Pd(II)-perfluoroalkylphthalocyanine Complex in an Organic/Fluorous Biphasic System: Hydrogenation of Olefins

“…The other solution is to utilize an organic/aqueous phase or organic/fluorous biphasic system. However, a major disadvantage of this approach is the low activity and selectivity resulting from the mass-transfer limitation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Fluorous biphasic catalysis, an alternative to aqueous biphasic catalysis, was originally developed by Horváth and Rabai as a method for facile catalyst recovery [21].…”

Phthalocyanines in Macromolecular Phases - Methods of Synthesis and Properties of the Materials

“…is, for example, synthesized by reaction of a transition metal ion-exchanged zeolite with phthalonitrile in a closed bomb vessel, [162] substituted derivatives of phthalocyanines were added to the mixture of the hydrothermal synthesis of the molecular sieves in the cases of AlPO 4 -5 and MCM-41. [163,164] The cavity size of the faujasite zeolite agrees well with the diameter of the phthalocyanine (Figure 8). [162] Phthalocyanines incorporated into MCM-41 are located in the columnar orientated detergent (used as templates for syntheses) of the channels (Figure 9).…”

“…Incorporation of Phthalocyanines into the Molecular Sieve MCM-41 During Hydrothermal Synthesis [164] 92.5 g Ludox As 40 (Aldrich, 40 wt.-% colloidal silica in water), 92.5 g tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH, Merck-Schuchard, 20 wt.-% solution in water) and 75 g deionized water were placed in a polypropylene vessel and stirred at room temperature for 22 h. A mixture of 5 g cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, Fluka, 25 wt.-% solution in water) and 313 mg (0.28 mmol) 1 (R = 1O1(CH 2 ) 3 1 N + (CH 3 ) 3 Cl -, M = Zn(II)) was added slowly (5 ml min -1 ) to 10.4 g gel under stirring. This mixture was stirred for 15 min and aged overnight at room temperature.…”

Preparation of a thermosensitive cobalt phthalocyanine/N-isopropylacrylamide copolymer and its catalytic activity on thiol

“…Strategies of immobilizing MtPc on multifarious insoluble supports, such as zeolites, activated charcoal, and clays, have been introduced to prepare polymeric phthalocyanine catalysts, facilitate catalyst separation and recycling, and reduce effluent contamination [9][10][11][12][13]. However, despite the well-known advantages of insoluble supports, there are several shortcomings in their use due to their heterogeneous nature, including nonlinear kinetic behavior, unequal distribution or access to the chemical reaction, and solvation problems associated with the nature of the support [14].…”