Incorporation of endogenous urea nitrogen into amino acids of milk in goats fed diets with various protein levels

Michalski, J.; Czauderna, M.; Litwin, Wiesława; Puzio, Natalia; Kowalczyk, J.

doi:10.22358/jafs/65681/2014

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition, we found that supplementary MCFAs more strongly depressed NH 3 -N content under the high-concentrate diet than the low-concentrate diet did. It may be that with the increase of concentrate-roughage ratio, the content of non-structural carbohydrates increased, which promoted the proliferation of rumen microorganisms and improved the utilization rate of NH 3 -N (Michalski et al, 2014), and so decreased the NH 3 -N content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and nutrient digestibility under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets

Luan

Feng

Yang

et al. 2023

Animal Science Journal

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dosages and types of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on rumen fermentation in vitro under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets. For this purpose, two in vitro experiments (Exp.) were conducted. In Exp. 1, the concentrate–roughage ratio of the fermentation substrate [total mixed rations (TMR), dry matter (DM) basis] was 30:70 (low‐concentrate diet), while in Exp. 2, it was 70:30 (high‐concentrate diet). Three types of MCFAs with octanoic acid (C8), capric acid (C10), and lauric acid (C12) were added accounting for 1.5%, 6%, 9%, and 15% of the in vitro fermentation substrate weight (200 mg or 1 g, DM basis) based on control group, respectively. The results showed that the addition of MCFAs all could significantly reduce methane (CH4) production and the number of rumen protozoa, methanogens, and methanobrevibacter under the two diets with the dosages increased (p < 0.05). In addition, MCFAs had a certain degree of improvement on rumen fermentation and influenced in vitro digestibility under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets, and their effects were related to the dosages and types of MCFAs. This study provided a theoretical basis for the selection of types and dosages of MCFAs in ruminants production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and nutrient digestibility under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets

Luan

Feng

Yang

et al. 2023

Animal Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Metagenomics Analyses of Cellulose and Volatile Fatty Acids Metabolism by Microorganisms in the Cow Rumen

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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29The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forage-to-concentrate 30 (F:C) ratios (7:3 high-forage, 3:7 high-concentrate) on rumen microflora and fiber 31 degradation mechanism. Compared with the high-concentrate (HC) group, the 32 high-forage(HF) group showed improved fiber degradation and a sustained high level 33 of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCase), β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase activities, but 34 the total VFAs decreased. Among bacteria at the family level, Lachnospiraceae and 35 Succinivibrionaceae in HF groups were 2-fold and 4-fold more abundant than in the 36 HC group, respectively. A KEGG analysis revealed that succinate-CoA synthetase 37 (EC: 6.2.1.5) and propionate-CoA transferase (EC: 2.8.3.1) leading directly to 38 propionate production were more abundant in HC group. Conversely, butyryl-CoA 39 dehydrogenase (EC: 1.3.8.1) was directly related to butyrate production and was 40 higher in the HF group. A gene expression analysis showed that the relative content of 41 Fibrobacter succinogenes and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was higher in the HF group 42 and contributed more to fiber degradation and VFA production. Prevotella ruminicola, 43 Selenomonas ruminantium, and Veillonella alkalescens contributed more to starch 44 degradation and propionate production, which relative content was higher in the HC 45 group. This research gave a further explanation of the fiber degradation parameters 46 and microbiota under different F:C ration. The fiber-degrading bacteria in the 47 roughage group have a high content level, and the corresponding cellulase activity is 48 also high. These results supported the potential of diets for microbial manipulation, 49 which can increase feed digestibility and explored new fibrinolytic bacteria. 50 51 IMPORTANCE 52 The forage of the cow's feed occupies a large proportion. The shortage of high-quality 53 forage in cow breeding has become an important factor limiting the China's dairy 54 industry. The effective measure is to improve the utilization of low-quality forage.55Based on traditional nutrient metabolism, the reasons for the effects of roughage on 56 the growth and metabolism of dairy cows can be explored, but the metabolic 57 mechanism is not well analyzed, and the further utilization of forage is also limited. 58Metagenomics has proven to be a powerful tool for studying rumen microbial 59 structures and gene function. This experiment used metagenomics to study the 60 metabolism of cellulose and volatile acids in the rumen. Our research showed that 61 different forage-to-concentrate shifted the composition of microorganisms and the 62 activity of enzymes, resulting in different metabolic pathways of volatile fatty acids. 63This work provides a background for microbial community composition and further 64 use of forage. 65 66 Key words: forage-to-concentrate ratio, fiber decomposition, volatile fatty acid 67 production, fibrolytic bacteria, gene expression 68 69 70 1、INTRODUCTION 71The rumen ecosystem is recognized as a natural bioreactor ...

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Incorporation of endogenous urea nitrogen into amino acids of milk in goats fed diets with various protein levels

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and nutrient digestibility under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets

Effects of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and nutrient digestibility under low‐ and high‐concentrate diets

Metagenomics Analyses of Cellulose and Volatile Fatty Acids Metabolism by Microorganisms in the Cow Rumen

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