Incorporation of Lippia citriodora Microwave Extract into Total-Green Biogelatin-Phospholipid Vesicles to Improve Its Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

Phytochemicals from Lippia citriodora leaves were extracted by applying an innovative technology based on the use of microwaves, which represents an alternative method to extract bioactive substances. The obtained extract was incorporated into phospholipid vesicles in order to promote the antioxidant effect of the bioactive molecules present in L. citriodora extract. The extract was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometer by electrospray (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) and different phytochemicals were detected and quantified. The whole extract was incorporated in liposomes, glycerosomes (liposomes modified with glycerol) and propylene glycol-containing vesicles (PG-PEVs). Moreover, a biopolymer obtained from fish by-product, that is Thunnus albacares skin, was added to improve the bioactivity of the formulations. The in vitro biocompatibility and the antioxidant efficacy of the extract in solution or loaded in the vesicles were tested in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (3T3). The results showed the superior bioactivity of the vesicle formulations over the aqueous solution of the extract, which points to an interesting strategy for the treatment of skin disorders.

Development of an Innovative Pressurized Liquid Extraction Procedure by Response Surface Methodology to Recover Bioactive Compounds from Carao Tree Seeds

“…These concentrations were expressed in mg analyte/g extract. The range of total phenolic content obtained under different PLE conditions was similar to those described in the literature for plant phenolic extracts obtained by advanced extraction techniques [34,35]. As it can be seen, PLE 1 condition (40 °C, 15% EtOH, 20 min) was the best combination in the extraction of hydroxybenzoic acid family.…”

“…Finally, the subclass of proanthocyanidins included Peaks 8,12,13,14,21,23,29,31,32,33,34,35, 37 and 39. Peaks 8 and 12 were detected in all extraction conditions.…”

Design and in vitro effectiveness evaluation of Echium amoenum extract loaded in bioadhesive phospholipid vesicles tailored for mucosal delivery

“…The treatment with hydrogen peroxide only, caused a mortality of 30% of cells (viability ~70%), suggesting a toxic effect of this stressing agent (Leyva-Jiménez et al, 2020). The treatment with the extract in dispersion did not reduce the damages as the cell viability remained unchanged (~70%, p>0.05 versus the viability of stressed and untreated cells).…”

Modification of liposomes: preparation, purpose, methods and the application in food

“…For example, Leyva‐Jimenez et al . (2020) added citrate lipid extracted from lemon leaves to glycerol‐modified liposomes. Studies have shown that the modified liposomes had stronger antioxidant properties than the aqueous solution of the extract.…”