Incorporation of tracers and dazomet by rotary tillers and a spading machine

Juzwik, Jennifer; Stenlund, Dwayne; Allmaras, R. R.; Copeland, S. M.; McRoberts, Ronald E.

doi:10.1016/s0167-1987(96)01098-7

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Data also were used from Rahman et al (2000) to validate the rotary hoe matrix, and again SeedChaser performed well (r = 0.990; d = 0.995; ME = 0.981). Lastly, the interpolated spading machine matrix was validated against the data found in Juzwik et al (1997) for the vertical distribution of surface applied granules following a spading machine. Initial seed distribution was solely on the surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each implement was operated at typical field speed (≈7 km h −1 ) and sufficient tillage distance (≈20 m) was allowed before the seed burial points to allow the implement to achieve stable operating speed. Juzwik et al (1997) noted that there were no observable differences in the distribution of ceramic spheres placed on the surface for spading machines up to speeds of 3 km h −1 . Experiments on the impact of implement speed were not conducted in this study.…”

Section: Implementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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SeedChaser: Vertical soil tillage distribution model

Spokas

Forcella

Archer

et al. 2007

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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Knowledge of the vertical distribution of surface residues, chemicals, or seeds following tillage operations is of great importance to a wide variety of soil research areas. This paper describes a 1D empirical vertical soil tillage distribution model with 1 cm grid spacing (SeedChaser) that predicts vertical redistribution of weed seeds following user selected (a) sequences of tillage implements, and (b) initial seed distribution values. Results of this model are particularly suited for weed seed emergence modeling. However, the model can be adapted easily to any surface broadcasted agrochemical or incorporated residues. The present model can handle up to 20 passes of user selected sequences of 16 different implements. The majority of prior models examined only the impact of a more limited list of implements at much larger depth intervals, which reduced the predictability of fine-scale vertical movement that may be needed for simulating movements of seeds or chemical granules. SeedChaser consolidates the results from these previous models along with new data on conservation tillage implements into a prediction tool that would have applications both in weed science, as well as other soil research areas. SeedChaser was developed in JAVA and is publicly available via the Internet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

SeedChaser: Vertical soil tillage distribution model

Spokas

Forcella

Archer

et al. 2007

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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“…This location was selected due to ongoing research investigating the distribution, efficacy, and emission of CP and MITC following soil fumigation, and a previous study on fumigant efficacy by Juzwik et al (1997). Three field flux sites were established for measuring N 2 O emissions.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of nitrous oxide production resulted from soil fumigation with chloropicrin

Spokas

Wang

2003

Atmospheric Environment

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Agricultural soils are a major source of the atmospheric greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Agronomic practices such as tillage and fertilizer applications can significantly affect the production and consumption of N 2 O because of alteration in soil physical, chemical, and biochemical activities. Soil fumigation is an agronomic practice used to control soil-borne disease pathogens, weeds, plant-parasitic nematodes, and fungi. The strong impact of fumigants on soil microorganisms can indirectly affect the production and/or consumption of N 2 O and would potentially alter net emissions from agricultural soils. Laboratory incubation and field soil fumigation studies were conducted to determine the potential impact of soil fumigation on the dynamics of N 2 O production. Laboratory soil incubations showed an eight-fold increase in the production rate of N 2 O as a consequence of chloropicrin (CP) fumigation. This stimulation effect was confirmed by a seven-fold increase in N 2 O emission rates in field plots following CP fumigation. The mechanism of N 2 O production appeared to be microbial related; however, additional work is needed to fully elucidate the pathways. r

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“…Granular dazomet (Basamid ™ , BASF) was applied on 7 August 2002 at the Wisconsin nursery. A tractor‐drawn drop spreader was used to apply the granules to the soil surface at 448 kg ha −1 , followed by soil incorporation to a maximum depth of 20 cm with a spading machine 12. Soil moisture content at the time of fumigant application was 0.16 and 0.23 cm 3 cm −3 in the tarp and water seal plots respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumigant distribution in forest nursery soils under water seal and plastic film after application of dazomet, metam‐sodium and chloropicrin

Wang

Fraedrich

Juzwik³

et al. 2006

Pest Management Science

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Adequate concentration, exposure time and distribution uniformity of activated fumigant gases are prerequisites for successful soil fumigation. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate gas phase distributions of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) and chloropicrin (CP) in two forest-tree nurseries. Concentrations of MITC and CP in soil air were measured from replicated microplots that received dazomet, metam-sodium and CP. Half of the plots were covered with high-density polyethylene tarp immediately after fumigation; the other half were not covered but received daily sprinkler irrigation for 1 week to create and maintain a water seal. The magnitude of MITC concentrations was similar between nurseries for metam-sodium in both tarp and water seal treatments and for dazomet in the tarp treatment. Consistently greater MITC and CP concentrations were found in the upper 30 cm of soil in the tarped plots compared with the water-sealed plots. Despite potential environmental and economic benefits with the water seal method, tarp covers were more reliable for achieving and maintaining higher MITC and CP concentrations and less prone to variations due to irrigation/rain, soil bulk density and other environmental conditions.

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Incorporation of tracers and dazomet by rotary tillers and a spading machine

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

SeedChaser: Vertical soil tillage distribution model

SeedChaser: Vertical soil tillage distribution model

Stimulation of nitrous oxide production resulted from soil fumigation with chloropicrin

Fumigant distribution in forest nursery soils under water seal and plastic film after application of dazomet, metam‐sodium and chloropicrin

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