Increase in Serum S100B Protein Level After a Swimming Race

Dietrich, Marcelo O.; Tort, Adriano Bretanha Lopes; Schaf, Débora Vigevani; Farina, Marcelo; Gonçalves, Carlos Alberto; Souza, Diogo Onofre Gomes de; Portela, Luis Valmor

doi:10.1139/h03-054

Cited by 81 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A somewhat smaller increase was found after a high-intensity exercise without heading. Comparable increases in serum S100B have been reported after various physical activities where head traumas and other sudden head-accelerating events like heading, are rare, such as long-distance running (42), swimming (16) and basketball (55). The effect of physical activity on the serum level of S100B and the source of S100B release into the serum under these circumstances are unresolved (4,5,17,54,56).…”

Section: S100b and Soccer Playmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the specificity of S100B to brain injury has been questioned (4,17,32,40,43,57,66). Highly increased values have been reported after multi-trauma and burns without head injury (5), as well as smaller increases after swimming (16), running and boxing (16,42). Yet, the increase seen in S100B concentration after exercise was lower than values reported after minor head traumas (9,12,14,27,36,41,48,53).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minor Head Trauma in Soccer and Serum Levels of S100b

Straume-Næsheim¹,

Andersen²,

Jochum³

et al. 2008

Neurosurgery

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Objective: To compare the serum levels of S100B after a head trauma to the effect of heading, high-intensity exercise and playing a league match. Heading and head traumas in soccer have been suspected to cause brain impairment. The protein S100B is a marker of acute neuronal tissue damage.Method: Baseline S100B was measured in 535 Norwegian professional soccer players. 228 head impacts were registered from 352 league matches. Three teams (N=48) performed a high-intensive exercise session without heading and a low-intensity session with heading exercises. Blood samples were drawn within one hour (B1) and the following morning (B12) after a match/training for the four groups: Head Impact (N=65), Match Control (Match participants without head impact, N=49), High-Intensive Exercise (N=35), Heading (N=36).Results: Serum S100B increased from baseline to B1 for all groups. The increase for the match groups (Head Impact and Match Control) was significantly higher than for both the training groups. However, no significant differences between the Head Impact and Match Control groups or between the two training groups were found. A total of 39 (33.9%) players showed elevated B1 values (≥ 0.12 ng/mL) after a match, but these were equally distributed between the Match Control Group and the Head Impact Group. Conclusion:Both soccer training and soccer matches cause a transient increase in S100B. There is a possible additive effect of activity with high intensity and heading, but minor head impacts do not seem to cause an additional increase.

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Section: S100b and Soccer Playmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minor Head Trauma in Soccer and Serum Levels of S100b

Straume-Næsheim¹,

Andersen²,

Jochum³

et al. 2008

Neurosurgery

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show abstract

“…Examples are physical exercise [20], stress [21,22], fasting [23], critically ill patients [24], cardiac arrest [25] and extracranial injuries [26,27] without brain injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a wide extra-astrocytic distribution of S100B in human brain

Steiner¹,

Hg²,

Bielau³

et al. 2007

Akt Neurol

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“…Treatment with antidepressants also results in increased levels of S100B mRNA in mouse hippocampus [28]. Serotonin action during central nervous system development has been shown to be mediated by S100B [29], and serotonin release during exercise is associated with a concurrent increase in Volume 4 Issue 5 -2017 Division of Anatomy and Molecular Medicine, Alabama College of Osteopathic, USA serum S100B levels [30]. It is clear from these studies that S100B is associated with central nervous system nerve cell maturation and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In non-neuronal tissues, S100B and S100A1 are involved in the proper function and development of a variety of tissues [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The distribution of S100B and S100A1 has been categorized in a number of non-neuron tissues [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcellular Localization of the “Classic” S100 Subunits in Vestibular End Organs of the Rat

Foster

2017

MOJAP

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Using immunohistochemical techniques, the distribution of the "classic" S100 calcium binding proteins, α (A1) and β (B), was determined in the mammalian vestibular end organs. An affinity-purified polyclonal antibody which recognized both the A1 and B subunits and two monoclonal antibodies specific for either the A1 or the B subunit were used in this study. S100A1 was localized specifically to the basal region of the sensory epithelium (saccular macula, cristae ampullaris and utricular macula) when a cross-linking fixative (4% paraformaldehyde) was utilized. Using a fixation protocol including paraformaldehyde and a precipitating fixative revealed an additional localization of S100A1 to the apical region of the saccular macula, cristae ampullaris and utricular macula. This indicates the presence of two populations of S100A1 in these cells: a cytosolic (soluble) component; and a membrane-bound fraction. In contrast, S100B was localized to the layer of the vestibular nerve fibers. Immunoreactivity for S100B was not observed in the sensory epithelium of the saccular or utricular macula or in the cristae ampullaris. The preferential distribution of S100B to the nerve fibers and S100A1 to cells of the sensory epithelium, in two forms (cytosolic and membranebound), may be important in the functional roles of S100 proteins in the vestibular sensory end organs.

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Increase in Serum S100B Protein Level After a Swimming Race

Cited by 81 publications

References 23 publications

Minor Head Trauma in Soccer and Serum Levels of S100b

Minor Head Trauma in Soccer and Serum Levels of S100b

Evidence for a wide extra-astrocytic distribution of S100B in human brain

Subcellular Localization of the “Classic” S100 Subunits in Vestibular End Organs of the Rat

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