Increase in the prevalence of fatty liver in Japan over the past 12 years: analysis of clinical background

Kojima, Seiichiro; Watanabe, Norihito; Numata, Makoto; Ogawa, Tetsuhei; Matsuzaki, Shinya

doi:10.1007/s00535-003-1178-8

Cited by 405 publications

(380 citation statements)

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“…The role of gender in fatty liver is still controversial as male or female preponderance of fatty liver was shown in different studies. [43][44][45] In this study, fatty liver is more prevalent in men than in women, and this might be because men were more obese than women subjects in this study. Gender difference was demonstrated between subjects with fatty and nonfatty liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Mesenteric fat thickness as an independent determinant of fatty liver

Liu

Chan

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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Objective: Mesenteric fat is drained by the portal circulation and has been suggested to be a key component in obesity-related health risk, notably the metabolic syndrome. There are increasing epidemiological and experimental data showing that fatty liver is another component of this multifaceted syndrome. Given their intimate anatomical and physiological relationships, we hypothesized that mesenteric fat thickness may be independently associated with the risk of fatty liver. To test this hypothesis, we examined the predictive role of various fat deposits including mesenteric fat thickness, and various metabolic variables on the risk of fatty liver. Subjects and methods: A total of 291 Chinese subjects (134 men and 157 women with a mean BMI of 23.7 kg/m 2 , range: 16.5-33.4 kg/m 2 ) underwent ultrasound examination for measurement of mesenteric, subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat thickness, and for diagnosis of fatty liver. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio were recorded. Blood pressure was measured. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), liver enzymes were determined by common methods. Results: The subjects with fatty liver had greater abdominal fat thickness and higher anthropometric indexes than those without fatty liver. The subjects with fatty liver also showed higher blood pressure, worse lipid and glycaemic profile compared with those without fatty liver. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, mesenteric fat thickness was a risk factor of fatty liver, independent of body mass index, age, sex, insulin resistance, fasting plasma glucose, lipid and blood pressure. The odds ratio was 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.27-1.77) for every 1 mm increase in the mesenteric fat thickness. Measurement of preperitoneal and subcutaneous fat deposits did not show significant associations with fatty liver. Conclusion: Mesenteric fat thickness measured on ultrasound is an independent determinant of fatty liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Mesenteric fat thickness as an independent determinant of fatty liver

Liu

Chan

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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“…1,48,49 which is somewhat higher than seen in most Asian studies with a mean age of 45 years in Pakistan, 50 42 years in the Phillipines, 51 and 45 years in Japan 19 and China. 52 Our own data show the mean age of patients with NAFLD to be 38 years.…”

Section: Journal Of Clinical and Experimental Hepatologymentioning

confidence: 61%

“…9 Our data also show that 70% of our patients are male, 53 which is similar to Japan where 61% of NAFLD patients are males. 19 Data from other Asian countries show that the prevalence of fatty liver was higher in males being 13.3% and 2.7%, respectively, in males and females in China, 52 and 21.6% and 11.2%, respectively, in Korea. 17 The reason for this difference in gender distribution could be linked in part to the difference in lifestyles of women in Western and Eastern settings, but the role of a genetic predisposition in the Asian men seems likely given the recent discovery of the role of APO C3 polymorphisms in the Asian Indian men with NAFLD.…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 95%

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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: East Versus West

Agrawal

Duseja

2012

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important cause of liver disease worldwide with prevalence ranging from 10% to 30% in various countries. It has become an important cause of unexplained rise in transaminases, cryptogenic cirrhosis, and cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathogenesis is related to obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and resultant inflammation in the liver progressing to fibrosis. Pharmacological treatment in patients with NAFLD is still evolving and the treatment of these patients rests upon lifestyle modification with diet and exercise being the cornerstones of therapy. While there are many similarities between patients with NAFLD from Asia and the West, there are certain features which make the patients with NAFLD from Asia stand apart. This review highlights the data on NAFLD from Asia comparing it with the data from the West. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2012;2:122-134)

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“…Studies from Japan and China recorded a twofold increase in the prevalence of NAFLD over a decade. 23,24 In contrast, the reported prevalence of NAFLD in the United States was already around 30-40% in 2004 and has not increased substantially thereafter 14 . The incidence of NAFLD is difficult to study because ultrasonography cannot reliably quantify liver fat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%