Increase in Unemployment over the 2000’s: Comparison between People Living with HIV and the French General Population

Annequin, Margot; Lert, France; Spire, Bruno; Dray‐Spira, Rosemary

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165634

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Again, an asymmetry in the economic shocks between countries and the different performance of their labour markets will lead to the consequences in that the PlwHIV will differ according to the country and the context analysed. Thus, although our analysis indicates a positive convergence in the employment rate of PlwHIV relative to the general population, employment rates observed at the end of our study period were lower than those observed at the end of the cycle of economic growth (years 2006–2007) and, in any case, they are lower than those observed by Annequin et al [ 29 ] for France in the same years, as the employment rate of PlwHIV in France reached 60% during 2009–2010, while in Spain, it was barely 47%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…When we compared our results with those obtained by Annequin et al [ 29 ], we observed that the conclusions are not in line with theirs. While we observed that the differences in employment rate between PlwHIV and general population have decreased during the last decade, they observed that this has increased.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…This finding could be due to the recent economic crisis. Despite advances in medical treatment, at a time of economic recession, the unemployment rate of PlwHIV in France has been affected by a greater extent than that of the general population [ 29 ]. The authors conclude that in time of economic crisis, a part of PlwHIV could have been excluded from the labour market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of our study is to compare the labour participation of PlwHIV residing in Spain with the labour participation of the general population along the business cycle. In this way, we want to test whether the result found by Annequin et al in France [ 29 ] is comparable with the Spanish crisis or if the asymmetry in the economic crisis and labour markets across countries leads to differential results. Thus, we will investigate whether the differences in employment rate between PlwHIV vs the general population have been increased or decreased over the last decade, comparing three different points of time: before the economic crisis (2001–2002 and 2006–2007) and during the first years of the economic crisis (2009–2010) in Spain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in labour participation between people living with HIV and the general population: Results from Spain along the business cycle

Peña-Longobardo

Oliva‐Moreno

2018

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundHIV/AIDS (Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) not only has a strong impact on the health of the worldwide population but also affects the labour status of HIV-positive people. The primary aim of this paper is to compare the labour participation of people living with HIV (PlwHIV) with the labour participation of the general population along the last business cycle in Spain.MethodThe data used are from the Hospital Survey on HIV-AIDS, with a total sample size of 4,651 PlwHIV and the Labour Force Survey from 2001 to 2010, with a total sample size of 660,674 individuals as general population. Propensity Score Matching method was used to analyse the differences between the labour participation of PlwHIV and the general population. Additionally, several specific models categorised into different subgroups (gender, education, source of infection and level of defences) were also performed.ResultsWe identified a convergence in labour participation across the period in the two populations considered: PlwHIV was 23% less likely to have a job than the general population during 2001–2002 and 14% less likely during 2009–2010. This convergence is mainly explained by two facts: first, the positive evolution of people infected by sex; second, the change in the PlwHIV population composition with a decreasing weight of people infected by drug use throughout the decade. Thereby, at the end of period, there was no statistical difference in the employment rate between PlwHIV infected through sex and the general population but there was strongly difference in PlwHIV infected through drugs.ConclusionInmunological status, source of infection and level of education play a relevant role among the PlwHIV population when comparing their labour participation with the general population. In spite of this positive result, the likelihood of being employed in HIV-positive people continues to be different from that of non-carriers. Our study shows that institutional features of labour markets are relevant and should be considered in comparison between countries.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in labour participation between people living with HIV and the general population: Results from Spain along the business cycle

Peña-Longobardo

Oliva‐Moreno

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Such situations might result in a higher rate of unemployment for those living with HIV [86]. Although sparsely reported at present, such cases might add up due to their longer life expectancy and will require increased hospitalization and medical care, thus increasing costs for treatment and welfare.…”

Section: Scenario 2-the Perpetuation Of the Hiv Pandemic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current HIV Prevention Policies Are Jeopardizing the “End of AIDS” Project: Realities Counteract Liberal Visions

Dennin¹

2017

WJA

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Here I discuss a series of in adequate decisions made by governments of, e.g., the European Union when designing strategies aimed at preventing the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although there have been minor successes in curbing the spread of HIV, here I focus on the multiple failings that have indirectly fostered the spread of HIV. I propose that a novel, programmatic set of strategies are needed to prevent the spread of HIV, which will be necessary to meet aims of the End of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) project. I also discuss barriers to the End of AIDS project, including financial burdens and noncompliance, in particular of the "at-risk" termed population in resource rich countries, with current prevention strategies. The aim is (i) to foster supporting for the UNAIDS project by customized prevention concepts; and (ii) to raise awareness for the challenges yet to come, should the UNAIDS project fail.

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The employment situation of people living with HIV: a closer look at the effects of the 2008 economic crisis

2021

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This study aims to assess the determinants of employment probabilities among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) during a 15-year period (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) in Spain, focusing on the possible effects of occurrences such as the 2008 economic crisis. The probability of people living with HIV having a job was evaluated by applying several multivariate probit regression models. Differences between the employment status of people living with HIV and that of the general population were evaluated by applying genetic matching regression models. With respect to the former evaluation, for people living with HIV, the period before the crisis (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007) was associated with a probability of being employed that was 2.43 percentage points (p.p.) higher than during the crisis, and the period after the crisis (2014-2016) with a probability that was 7.58 p.p. lower than during the crisis. Greater effects were also observed among males, the probability of being in employment before the economic crisis being higher (by 2.26 p.p.) and lower after the crisis (− 3.41 p.p.) than among women, and among those infected through drug use (6.18 p.p. and − 7.34 p.p. before and after the crisis, respectively), than among those infected through sex. When analysing the differences with respect to the general population, people living with HIV reported lower probabilities of being employed: by − 18 p.p. before the crisis, by − 15 p.p. during the crisis (years 2008-2013) and by − 10 p.p. after the crisis, implying a convergence in the prospects of employment with the passage of the years. Those differences were greater for people of basic educational level (− 23 to − 16 p.p.), a weaker immune system (− 34 p.p. to − 21 p.p.) and those infected through the use of drugs (− 31 p.p. to − 26 p.p.). Although the results suggest that the economic crisis had a greater effect on the employment prospects of people living with HIV, and that effect is still felt by that group, our findings also point towards a convergence of their employment prospects with those of the general population, over the 15-year period assessed. An analysis of the employment situation of people living with HIV might have helped when designing job-seeking methods and policies on the working environment, especially through the 15-year period considered, when the economic crisis had a greater effect on the job market.

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Increase in Unemployment over the 2000’s: Comparison between People Living with HIV and the French General Population

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Differences in labour participation between people living with HIV and the general population: Results from Spain along the business cycle

Differences in labour participation between people living with HIV and the general population: Results from Spain along the business cycle

Current HIV Prevention Policies Are Jeopardizing the “End of AIDS” Project: Realities Counteract Liberal Visions

The employment situation of people living with HIV: a closer look at the effects of the 2008 economic crisis

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