Increase of 10% in the Rate of Adverse Drug Reactions for Each Drug Administered in Hospitalized Patients

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk factors, incidence and severity of adverse drug reactions in in-patients.METHODS:This prospective study evaluated 472 patients treated at a teaching hospital in Brazil between 2010 and 2013 by five medical specialties: Internal Medicine, General Surgery, Geriatrics, Neurology, and Clinical Immunology and Allergy. The following variables were assessed: patient age, gender, comorbidities, family history of hypersensitivity, personal and family history of atopy, number of prescribed drugs before and during hospitalization, hospital diagnoses, days of hospitalization. The patients were visited every other day, and medical records were reviewed by the investigators to detect adverse drug reactions.RESULTS:There were a total of 94 adverse drug reactions in 75 patients. Most reactions were predictable and of moderate severity. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 16.2%, and the incidence varied, according to the medical specialty; it was higher in Internal Medicine (30%). Antibiotics were the most commonly involved medication. Chronic renal failure, longer hospital stay, greater number of diagnoses and greater number of medications upon admission were risk factors. For each medication introduced during hospitalization, there was a 10% increase in the rate of adverse drug reaction. In the present study, the probability of observing an adverse drug reaction was 1 in 104 patients per day.CONCLUSIONS:Adverse drug reactions are frequent and potentially serious and should be better monitored in patients with chronic renal failure or prolonged hospitalization and especially in those on ‘polypharmacy’ regimens. The rational use of medications plays an important role in preventing adverse drug reactions.

Acute Adverse Drug Reactions in Inpatient Children Diagnosed with Cancer over a 12-Year Period: A Report from a Single Center Study

“…In our study, the incidence rate of ADR occurrence was 2.73%, while in a most recently studies, it was reported from 8.7% to General system disorders 1 16.2%. 11,12 It might be because of wider population including children with a broad range of disorders, not only the cancer-developed patients. Additionally, females' population of this study was smaller than that of males (with the ratio of 0.54), which was approximately similar to several other studies, 4,13,14 as well as patients' mean age (6.656±0.442 years) that can be supported by other studies.…”

Astragalus polysaccharide (PG2) Ameliorates Cancer Symptom Clusters, as well as Improves Quality of Life in Patients with Metastatic Disease, through Modulation of the Inflammatory Cascade

“…These findings are clinically relevant for medical decision making and selection of therapeutic strategy, especially as cumulative evidence implicates current anticancer therapy (chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy) in occurrence of ADR/Es in patients with cancer undergoing treatment. In fact, though limited, available data does indicate that approximately a tenth of the global population and up to a fifth (20%) of hospitalized patients experience ADR/Es [17,18], such as depression, loss of appetite, fatigue, disturbed sleep, cognitive difficulties, nausea, vomiting, and pain. Regardless of the unitary or clustered nature of these symptoms, they are associated with exacerbated QoL, with diminished physical, psychological, and social functioning.…”

Pharmacovigilance: Present Scenario and Future Goals

“…1,2 about 15% to 20% of ADRs relate to HDRs, which are actuated by presentation to a medication in a portion that is generally endured by solid people and the responses are classified by target side effects that can be multiplied after resulting re-introduction. 2 ADRs speak to an essential reason for dismalness and are thought to cause somewhere in the range of 10% and 30% of all healing center confirmations in more established patients. 3 In USA, over 90% of grown-ups matured multi-year and more seasoned utilize one prescription for every week and 10%-25% experience an antagonistic medication response.…”