Increase of Cropping Index in Dryland Supported by Groundwater Irrigation

Abstract

Dryland has the potential to increase agricultural production, by increasing the cropping index. The main problem of dryland is the availability of water which depends on rainfall. Groundwater can be an alternative option to meet the availability of water in the dryland. This study aimed to determine the cropping pattern and increase of cropping index supported by groundwater irrigation in the dryland. The research was conducted in the dryland of Playen, Gunungkidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, supported by groundwater irrigation. This research used a combination of survey, interview and plot demonstration methods. Surveys and interviews were conducted to determine the condition of cultivation and profit in the first and third growing seasons. The plot demonstration, to increase the rice cropping index from 1 to 2, was applied in the second growing season. The results showed that rice productivity in the first growing season was 5.215 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, with a profit of 12,288,000 IDR ha<sup>-1</sup> and B/C of 1.28. In the second growing season, Sidenuk productivity was 8.025 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, with the dry straw of 8.049 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, grain carbon of 3.471 ton ha<sup>-1</sup> and straw carbon of 3.723 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, higher than those of Situbagendit, but comparable those of Inpari-42, with a profit of 20,700,000 IDR ha<sup>-1</sup> and B/C of 1.54. Rice contributed to higher biomass, carbon and profit than groundnut. In the third growing season, groundnut productivity was 2.026 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, with a profit of 15,572,000 IDR ha<sup>-1</sup> and B/C of 1.78. Groundwater irrigation can support the increase in the cropping index on dryland and intensify agricultural production as well.

Mapping of Land Suitability for Growing Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Under Various Slope Using Geographic Information Systems

“…LMU of 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 22, 24, 25, and 26 showed a good drainage value , which the water has flowed through the soil surface without any obstacles, even though the rainfall is high the soil can absorb water well and there are no puddles so that plants can grow well. The similar statement of Anshori et al, (2023) water availability and groundwater conditions are influenced by soil structure and pores. Land units of 7, 11, 12, 16, 19, 20, and 23 have rather fast drainage and with the exception of land unit 2, which has somewhat low drainage, limited water holding capacity and is dominated mostly by the clay component.…”

Assessment of Land Use Change Impacts on Land Capability in Ngadirojo, Indonesia

“…Apart from that, this conversion activity requires a feasibility assessment and precise planning, such as what methods will be used, what types of plants are suitable for planting given the soil conditions, climate and water availability around the land, as well as what form of management is appropriate. Incompatibility of plant types with soil, drainage and climate conditions can inhibit plant growth (Anshori et al 2022). Drainage that is not optimal will cause the soil to experience salinity.…”

'Pot cultivation' as a form of soil and water conservation technique for adaptation to soil condition and climate change in karst area

“…The implementation of PC must be in accordance with the socioeconomic of farmer and fulfilled with principle of sustainability. PC quality can be improved through improving inputs, such as application of rice husk charcoal and organic fertilizer as in [26,27,28], to increase water absorption and improve nutrients, as an alternative technology, especially for seasonal crops. Another alternative technology, management of irrigation water [29,30,31] and cropping pattern [32,33,34], with the potential for irrigation water in karst area from spring or underground river [35,36].…”