Increase of drug use and genotype 3 in HCV-infected patients from Central West and Northeast Mexico

Muñoz-Espinosa, Linda E.; Trujillo-Trujillo, Maria E.; Martinez-Macias, Roberto; Panduro, Arturo; Rivas-Estilla, Ana María; Fierro, Nora A.; Silvera-Linares, Ana L.; Torres-Valadez, Rafael; Cordero-Pérez, Paula; González-Aldaco, Karina; Chen-López, Carlos Y.; José-Ábrego, Alexis; Zúñiga-Noriega, Jaime Raúl; Gutiérrez‐Ruiz, María Concepción; Román, Sonia

doi:10.1016/s1665-2681(19)30758-6

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In contrast, HCV/MSM patients who had a history of IDU and single were anti‐HBc positive suggesting a longer period of exposure, which is consistent with their older age compared to the HIV group. Additionally, a higher proportion of male patients was detected contrasting with earlier studies which may be related to the increase in IDU among male HCV patients reported in west and north Mexico . Another risk factor highlighted in this study is the low income of natives and Mestizos (D‐BD/HIV/HCV) living in rural or urban sectors, which is an underlying condition associated with high HBV prevalence rates .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…Additionally, a higher proportion of male patients was detected contrasting with earlier studies 47 which may be related to the increase in IDU among male HCV patients reported in west and north Mexico. 48 Another risk factor highlighted in this study is the low income of natives and Mestizos (D-BD/HIV/HCV) living in rural or urban sectors, which is an underlying condition associated with high HBV prevalence rates. 5 Given the fact that more than 53.3 million Mexicans live in similar circumstances, 49 improved strategies of prevention (education, vaccination) and diagnostic algorithms that include HBsAg, anti-HBc, and HBV-DNA are warranted.…”

Section: Hbv Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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High prevalence of HBV infection, detection of subgenotypes F1b, A2, and D4, and differential risk factors among Mexican risk populations with low socioeconomic status

José-Ábrego

Panduro

Fierro

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may be underestimated among high-risk individuals in regions of low HBs antigenemia. This study aimed to assess HBV serological markers, genotypes, and risk factors in Mexican patients with risk of HBV infection and low socioeconomic status. Demographics, clinical, and risk factor data were collected in patients with HIV (n = 289), HCV (n = 243), deferred blood donors (D-BD) (n = 83), and two native populations, Mixtecos (n = 57) and Purepechas (n = 44). HBV infection was assessed by HBsAg, anti-HBc, and HBV-DNA testing. Overall, patients had low education and very-low income. Totally, HBsAg prevalence was 16.5% (113/684) ranging from 0.7% (HCV) to 37.3% (D-BD), while anti-HBc was 30.2% (207/684). Among 52 sequences, genotypes H (n = 34, 65.4%), G (n = 4, 7.7%), subgenotypes F1b (n = 7, 13.5%), A2 (n = 6, 11.5%), and D4 (n = 1, 1.9%) were detected. Surgeries, sexual promiscuity, and blood transfusions had a differential pattern of distribution. In HCV patients, single (OR = 5.84, 95%Cl 1.91-17.80, P = 0.002), MSM (OR = 4.80, 95%Cl 0.75-30.56, P = 0.097), and IDU (OR = 2.93, 95%CI 1.058-8.09, P = 0.039) were predictors for HBV infection. While IDU (OR = 2.68, 95%CI 1.08-6.61, P = 0.033) and MSM (OR = 2.64, 95%CI 1.39-5.04, P = 0.003) were predictors in HIV patients. In this group, MSM was associated with HBsAg positivity (OR = 3.45, 95%CI 1.48-8.07, P = 0.004) and IDU with anti-HBc positivity (OR = 5.12, 95%CI 2.05-12.77, P < 0.001). In conclusion, testing with a combined approach of three different HBV markers, a high prevalence of HBV infection, a differential distribution of HBV genotypes, including subgenotypes F1b, A2, and D4, as well as risk factors in low-income Mexican risk groups were detected.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Hbv Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

High prevalence of HBV infection, detection of subgenotypes F1b, A2, and D4, and differential risk factors among Mexican risk populations with low socioeconomic status

José-Ábrego

Panduro

Fierro

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In countries with the largest drug-injecting populations, like the United States and Brazil [20], the main HCV genotypes in intravenous drug users are G1 and G3, without G2 [21-26]. In Mexico, a country with a high HCV prevalence, an increase in G3 and intravenous drug use (IDU) have been observed [27]. In Venezuela, G3a is still maintaining a low prevalence, as shown in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Variation in Hepatitis C Virus Subtype Distribution during 20 Years in Venezuela

2019

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Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a public health problem and a major cause of chronic hepatitis. This virus exhibits a great genetic variability, with 8 genotypes and numerous subtypes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fluctuations of HCV subtypes during 2 decades in Venezuela. Methods: HCV genotypes were determined by direct sequencing of the 5ʹ-noncoding region in 392 isolates circulating in patients attended during the years 2014-2015. HCV subtype assignment was confirmed in a subset of samples (n = 24) by partial sequencing of the NS5B region. The genotype distribution was compared with the one observed in a previous study of patients followed up during the years 1994-1996 and 2005-2006. Results: Some variation was observed in the HCV genotype distribution over these 20 years. HCV genotype 1b prevalence was reduced significantly from 1994-1995 to 2004-2005, as previously described, and then remained constant. During the last 10 years, a significant decrease of HCV subtype 2b (36/237 in 2005-2006 vs. 24/392 in 2014-2015, p < 0.001) was observed. Patients infected with HCV G2acj were significantly older than the ones infected with G1 (53 vs. 47 years, p = 0.004), and male sex was significantly more prevalent among G3a-infected patients compared to the other ones (71 vs. 47%, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Fluctuations in HCV subtype distribution have been observed over 2 decades in Venezuela. Different major mode of transmission and susceptibility to the available HCV treatment during each period might be playing a role in the observed fluctuations in HCV subtype distribution.

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“…The CHC patients were mainly carriers of HCV genotype 1a (47.8%) and 1b (15%) followed by genotypes 2 and 3. The duration of infection among HCV-patients was estimated by the self-reported date of exposure to known risk factors for HCV infection, which were mainly blood transfusion, surgery, tattoos and injecting drug use [ 16 ]. When the HCV-patients were compared by ancestry contribution, according to IL28B and IFNL4 genotypes, the Structure software analysis identified three well-differentiated populations (κ = 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the prevalence of SC in admixed Mexican population has not been estimated and no information exist about the Amerindians population and HCV infection. Moreover, HCV genotype 1 which is known to be associated with non-responsiveness to conventional antiviral therapy is predominant in Mexico and the rest of Latin America [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association with Spontaneous Hepatitis C Viral Clearance and Genetic Differentiation of IL28B/IFNL4 Haplotypes in Populations from Mexico

et al. 2016

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AimTo analyze the genetic heterogeneity of the Amerindian and admixed population (Mestizos) based on the IL28B (rs12979860, rs8099917) and IFNL4 (rs368234815) haplotypes, and their association with spontaneous clearance (SC) and liver damage in patients with hepatitis C infection from West Mexico.MethodsA total of 711 subjects from West Mexico (181 Amerindians and 530 Mestizos) were studied for the prevalence of IL28B (rs12979860C/T, rs8099917G/T) and IFNL4 (rs368234815∆G/TT) genotypes. A case-control study was performed in 234 treatment-naïve HCV Mestizos (149 chronic hepatitis C and 85 with SC) for the association of haplotypes with SC and liver damage. A real-time PCR assay was used for genotyping, and transitional elastography staged liver damage.ResultsSignificant Fst-values indicated differentiation between the studied populations. The frequencies of the protective C, T, TT alleles were significantly lower in the Amerindians than in Mestizos (p<0.05). The r2 measure of linkage disequilibrium was significant for all variants and the T/G/ΔG risk haplotype predominated in Amerindians and secondly in Mestizos. The protective C/T/TT haplotype was associated with SC (OR = 0.46, 95% IC 0.22–0.95, p = 0.03) and less liver damage (OR = 0.32, 95% IC 0.10–0.97, p = 0.04) in chronic patients. The Structure software analysis demonstrated no significant differences in ancestry among SC and chronic patients.ConclusionsWest Mexico´s population is genetically heterogeneous at the IL28B/IFNL4 polymorphisms. The T/G/ΔG high-risk haplotype predominated in Amerindians and the beneficial alternative haplotype in Mestizos. The C/T/TT haplotype was associated with SC and less liver damage in chronically infected Mestizo patients.

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Increase of drug use and genotype 3 in HCV-infected patients from Central West and Northeast Mexico

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

High prevalence of HBV infection, detection of subgenotypes F1b, A2, and D4, and differential risk factors among Mexican risk populations with low socioeconomic status

High prevalence of HBV infection, detection of subgenotypes F1b, A2, and D4, and differential risk factors among Mexican risk populations with low socioeconomic status

Variation in Hepatitis C Virus Subtype Distribution during 20 Years in Venezuela

Association with Spontaneous Hepatitis C Viral Clearance and Genetic Differentiation of IL28B/IFNL4 Haplotypes in Populations from Mexico

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